I think it's nice that you have a whole set of particles that work for mood and aspect. Can this be combined? like, 'ime i V' for "to be allowed to begin X", or 'ter pîi ît V' for "to be unrealistic that X's made to finish V". How would that work?
Moodish things in Lonish
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This article discusses moods and verbal aspects in Lonish
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 5 Jan 2016, 16:48.
[comments] lnsverbs
4. Êv Lodêst ân Âbo
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9. Numbers in Lonish
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10. The Kamadri Calendar
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11. The Lonish Article
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Lonish contains various moods, which differ from the indicative, a mood in itself, through the infix of -î- between the stem of the verb and the declination. For example, the verb turan, send, when declined to the 3rd person singular masculine perfectum becomes tur-âno (he has sent), while if a mood would be indicated for this verb, it becomes tur-î-âno, which still means he has sent on its own. This is where the different moods of Lonish come into play.
Through the addition of mood particles, this "limbo" verb, hovering between moods gains additional meaning.
There are however a couple of footnotes with the infixing of -î-.
Firstly, Lonish contains several verbs that end in -îan, for example hûntîan, to eat. Adding an additional -î- to these verbs merges the two, becoming -i-.
For example:
hûntîo / he eats
hûntio / he eats (limbo mood)
Similarly, there's verbs that end in -ian, such as êzvian, to survive. Adding the -î- infix to this verb makes the combination -iî- become -iêh-. (Note that this only happens with the mood indicating <î>, most other grammatical occurances of -iî- remain as they would grammatically be.)
For example:
êzviusâ / I will survive
êzviêhusâ / I will survive (limbo mood)
Secondly, the declination for Lonish's plusquamperfect (I had done things) starts with -in. Giving a verb in the plusquamperfect a mood might be rather uncommon, but would this happen, there would be no modifications to the formula normally.
For example:
ktêrinâ / I had conquered
ktêrîina / I had conquered (limbo mood)
Finally, in the case a verb ending in either -îan or -ian is declined to the plusquamperfect, the -î- infix is not applied.
For example:
êzvina / she had survived
êzvina / she had survived (limbo mood)
Note: I haven't bothered to look up the grammarological names for most of these yet
These are the mood particles in Lonish. They are always directly in front of the verb using the -î- infix. Note that these may also be freely negated by use of the prefix pêd-.
Particle | Usage |
---|---|
i | Used to indicate the beginning of an action. |
imê | Used to indicate the agent is allowed to undertake an action. |
ît | Used to indicate the ending of an action. |
kêz | Used to indicate an action that is continuously being repeated. (in several actions) |
kir | Used to indicate the agent is planning to undertake an action. |
kîê | Used to indicate an action that is constantaneously occuring (in one action) |
kvi | Used to indicate the agent is asked about an action. |
pê | Used to indicate the agent wishes for an action. |
pîi | Used to indicate something forces the agent to undertake an action. |
pô | Used to indicate the agent is able to undertake an action. |
pur | Used to indicate the agent is through their rank required to do something. |
ter | Used to indicate an action that is not realistic (irrealis) |
til | Much alike pê, used to indicate the agent wishes for an action. |
tri | Used to indicate an action is required for another action (often preceded by ter) to occur. |
ug | Used to indicate an action that is not entirely certainly happening. |
zû | Used to indicate an action the agent must do, but instead doesn't (yet). (should) |
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Comments
i - inceptive aspect
ime - permissive mood
it - cessative aspect
kez - repetetive aspect
kir - idk
kie - continuative aspect
kvi - idk
pe - optative mood, desiderative mood, other options
pii - causative of some type
po - capacitative mood
pur - ~necessitative mood
ter - only irrealis if by "not realistic" you mean "doesn't happen in reality"
til - optative/desiderative
tri - idk
ug - idk
zu - debitive mood
ime - permissive mood
it - cessative aspect
kez - repetetive aspect
kir - idk
kie - continuative aspect
kvi - idk
pe - optative mood, desiderative mood, other options
pii - causative of some type
po - capacitative mood
pur - ~necessitative mood
ter - only irrealis if by "not realistic" you mean "doesn't happen in reality"
til - optative/desiderative
tri - idk
ug - idk
zu - debitive mood
"Used to indicate the beginning of an action."
"Used to indicate the ending of an action."
"Used to indicate an action that is continuously being repeated. (in several actions)"
"Used to indicate an action that is constantaneously occuring (in one action)"
These are actually verbal aspects rather than moods. Other than that, not bad.
"Used to indicate the ending of an action."
"Used to indicate an action that is continuously being repeated. (in several actions)"
"Used to indicate an action that is constantaneously occuring (in one action)"
These are actually verbal aspects rather than moods. Other than that, not bad.