The Sheep and the Horses
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Schleicher's fable in Rireinutire
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 14 Apr 2014, 23:55.
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2. Finite verbs
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ununopo vohi yakive: hatera ka tepe etimu neakive• to uso nañana ii temakemu• to ute pakuna ii vitakemu• to rutoti kavena ii vitakemu: vohi etikunaña sunokive hii saro mano sitana vuyakava karo ma etina nakuke kavemu neakava: etikuna sunokive hii vohi moeka': saro meno sitana vuyakava karo me neakava sikimu: kave hase vohino unupe kuma hovimu hunoha teñekava: ita vohi unumu omakaseva: sikimu mokiri vohi raketora kemakive:
to vohi to eti:
and goat.NOMNominative (case)
TRANS subject, INTR argument and horse.NOMNominative (case)
TRANS subject, INTR argument
The sheep and the horses
ununopo vohi yakive:
unu-nopo vohi ya-ki-ve
wool-less goat be-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech-HSYHearsay evidential (evidential)
'I have heard that...'
There was a sheep that had no wool.
hatera ka tepe etimu neakive•
hate-ra ka tepe eti-mu nea-ki-ve
hill-INEInessive (case)
'inside' 3FSUnknown code.NOMNominative (case)
TRANS subject, INTR argument a.few horse-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient see-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech-HSYHearsay evidential (evidential)
'I have heard that...'
On a hill, she saw horses,
to uso nañana ii temakemu•
to uso naña-na ii tema-ke-mu
and heavy wagon-PTVPartitive (number)
'some of' or for mass nouns one pull-PRESPUnknown code-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient
one of them pulling a heavy wagon,
to ute pakuna ii vitakemu•
to ute paku-na ii vita-ke-mu
and big load-PTVPartitive (number)
'some of' or for mass nouns one carry-PRESPUnknown code-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient
one carrying a big load,
to rutoti kavena ii vitakemu:
to ruto-ti kave-na ii vita-ke-mu
and quick-ADVAdverbial
e.g. English '-ly' person-PTVPartitive (number)
'some of' or for mass nouns one carry-PRESPUnknown code-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient
and one carrying a person quickly.
vohi etikunaña sunokive hii
vohi etikunaña suno-ki-ve hii
goat horse-group-COMComitative (case)
'together with' say-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech-HSY Hearsay evidential (evidential)
'I have heard that...' that
The sheep said to the horses:
saro mano sitana vuyakava
saro mano sita-na vuya-ka-va
then 1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I-GENGenitive (case)
possessive heart-PTVPartitive (number)
'some of' or for mass nouns hurt-PRSPresent tense (tense)-SENSSensory evidential (evidential)
information gained from any sense
my heart pains me,
karo ma etina nakuke kavemu neakava:
karo ma eti-na naku-ke kave-mu nea-ka-va
when.RELRelative 1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I.NOMNominative (case)
TRANS subject, INTR argument horse-PTVPartitive (number)
'some of' or for mass nouns drive-PRESPUnknown code person-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient see-PRSPresent tense (tense)-SENSSensory evidential (evidential)
information gained from any sense
seeing a person driving horses.
etikuna sunokive hii
eti-kuna suno-ki-ve hii
horse-group say-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech-HSYHearsay evidential (evidential)
'I have heard that...' that
The horses said:
vohi moeka':
vohi moe-ka-'
goat listen-PRSPresent tense (tense)-IMPImperative (mood)
command
listen, sheep,
saro meno sitana vuyakava karo me neakava sikimu:
saro me-no sita-na vuya-ka-va karo me nea-ka-va siki-mu
then 1PFirst person plural (person)
we (inclusive or exclusive)-GENGenitive (case)
possessive heart-PTVPartitive (number)
'some of' or for mass nouns hurt-PRSPresent tense (tense)-SENSSensory evidential (evidential)
information gained from any sense when.RELRelative 1PFirst person plural (person)
we (inclusive or exclusive).NOMNominative (case)
TRANS subject, INTR argument see-PRSPresent tense (tense)-SENSSensory evidential (evidential)
information gained from any sense this-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient
our hearts pain us when we see this:
kave hase vohino unupe kuma hovimu hunoha teñekava:
kave hase vohi-no unu-pe kuma hovi-mu huno-ha teñe-ka-va
person master goat-GENGenitive (case)
possessive wool-EXESSExessive (case)
'from a state' warm blanket-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient own-ADEAdessive (case)
near/by make-PRSPresent tense (tense)-SENSSensory evidential (evidential)
information gained from any sense
a person, the master, makes the wool of the sheep into a warm blanket for herself.
ita vohi unumu omakaseva:
ita vohi unu-mu oma-ka-se-va
and.then goat wool-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient have-PRSPresent tense (tense)-NEGNegative (polarity)
not-SENSSensory evidential (evidential)
information gained from any sense
And the sheep has no wool.
sikimu mokiri
siki-mu mo-kiri
this-ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient hear-GERGerund
verbal noun
Having heard this,
vohi raketora kemakive:
vohi raketo-ra kema-ki-ve
goat plain-INEInessive (case)
'inside' flee-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech-HSYHearsay evidential (evidential)
'I have heard that...'
the sheep fled into the plain.
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