Numerals - Counting, Syntax, Cardinals and Ordinals
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Numerals - Counting, Syntax, Cardinals and Ordinals
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 29 Dec 2022, 00:48.
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Numerals
Simple Counting
Iru counts in base ten, with historical hints of a vigesimal system for the first twenty numbers. There are distinct words for the first twenty numerals, and for every ten after it until a hundred. For every hundred, there is a new word, formed simply by affixing the single-digit numeral to the hundred word. A similar thing occurs for a thousand. One thousand is Iru's major unit.
When listing long numbers, they are read directly, one after another, except for the two three digits, which are connected by "u".
Hito mil soi hyi u ilja u nyu || 8629
Tre hyi u nrejya u nyu || 359
Tre mil tre hyi u nrejya u tre || 3353
Tre mil nrei hyi u nujya u esna || 3597
Omui mil soi hyi u hitya u hito || 4688
Below is a table of numerals listed up to one thousand.
| 0-9 | 10-19 | 20-1000 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | rei | 10 | jun | 20 | ijya | ||
| 1 | wo | 11 | ounu | 30 | trenya | ||
| 2 | ido | 12 | idnu | 40 | omyuja | ||
| 3 | tre | 13 | trenu | 50 | nrejya | ||
| 4 | omui | 14 | omnu | 60 | syoja | ||
| 5 | nrei | 15 | junrei | 70 | esnya | ||
| 6 | soi | 16 | jusoi | 80 | hitya | ||
| 7 | esna | 17 | junesna | 90 | nujya | ||
| 8 | hito | 18 | jyuto | 100 | hyi | ||
| 9 | nyu | 19 | junyu | 1000 | mil | ||
Syntax
Iru numerals act very similarly to determiners - in fact, much like we/wa/wo, every numeral acts as an indefinite determiner to the noun it preceeds, simply quantifying the amount of the noun. However, it is possible to add the definite article before the numeral in case definiteness is relevant for communication.
Nrei guomi nyeri ne byache. || Five dogs are in the grass.
Yi nrei guomi nyeri ne yaikeche. || The five dogs are at the house.
Cardinals and Ordinals
As seen previously, cardinal numbers are very straightforward to use. The base form of the numeral can be used for the cardinal form, and it doesn't need to agree in number, animacy or case with the noun it preceeds. The exception to this rule is we/wa/wo, which must agree with the noun in animacy.
Tira soi ishuhei. || I have six books.
Tira we ishuhe. || I have one book.
Tira wa aiguha. || I have one friend.
Ordinal numbers take a separate form - suffixing 'che/a/o', the locative marker - to denote ordinality, as well as having separate singular and plural forms, that must agree with the noun's number as well. Thus, ordinal numerals agree with the nouns they preceed in animacy and number, though they needn't agree in case.
Pirai nrecheye kehe. || I got fifth place.
Pirai e nrecheye kehe. || I got the fifth place.
A Oukom ira a Ryitara wocha aiguha. || Ouko was Ryita's first friend.
A Oukom ira a Ryitara da wocha aiguha. || Ouko was the first friend of Ryita.
When ordinality is mentioned, only the last element of a long number is declined.
Eyavai ne trenya u treche yaikeche. || I live in the thirty third house.
Below is a table with the declension of ordinal numerals.
| Ordinals | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |
| Common | -che | -chei |
| Human Non-Deferential | -cha | -chai |
| Human Deferential | -cho | -choi |
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