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Jutisk Sound Changes
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This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 3 Jul 2019, 05:21.

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Write everything out Jutisk-style
In multi-syllabic words, a short vowel in the last syllable before r, l, a nasal, a (then) affricate, or a geminate becomes ë. A long vowel in that same situation becomes its short counterpart.
Di > j before a vowel
Gi > j before a vowel
U > i when short and before a geminate in a non-stressed syllable
Any short vowel becomes ë when between two stops and in a non-stressed root syllable.
R > l when directly after a non-alveolar consonant
Liquids become h when before a diphthong and starting a word.
H becomes ç when between a short vowel and a long vowel or diphthong, in either order.
Ch becomes ç when after a non-a front vowel.
Ti > x before a vowel
Tj > x
Dj > x
Any vowel becomes short between two geminates
Geminate w > wo
Geminate j > jë
E > i when before a geminate
O > u when before a geminate
I > e when between a consonant with the same point of articulation and a geminate
U > o when between a consonant with the same point of articulation as a geminate
Tz > th
Dz > zz
A non-ë vowel after a geminate in a stressed syllable at the end of the word becomes long, unless the coda is also a geminate or stop.
Geminate > Consonant+h at the start of a word
Drop all geminates in native words, but keep them in Estonian and Latin loanwords.
Ie > long i
Ei > ëí
Ou and Uo > long u
All short vowels become ë at the end of the word, unless the vowel before them in the word is the same, ignoring length and double vowels.
Iu > Ju at start of word, long u otherwise
Io > Jo at start of word, long u otherwise
An unwritten i (if next vowel is front) or ë (if next vowel is back) is added before any consonant cluster that starts a word and violates the sonority hierarchy (stops > affricates > fricatives/nasals > liquid)
Drop ë and a at the start of a word before a stop if there is a syllable with either a long vowel or no coda anywhere else in the word.
Drop all short vowels between two of the same letter, and write it like a geminate but pronounce it like a normal consonant.
N > m before bilabial
M > n before alveolar
E and ë > a before an r unless that r is followed immediately by a fricative or liquid.
Add an unwritten i before any strange sequence of consonants starting a word
Drop any liquids in the pronunciation of consonant clusters immediately following a long i or u.
S > h after any non-stop consonant, and that h becomes part of a geminate if that non-stop consonant is w (wo), j (jë), or a nasal.
Make some odd and unpronouncable vowel combinations into two of the same vowel in common, but not traditional pronunciation, but not writing.
A long o becomes a short o and an l before t or k.
Don’t pronounce ë at the end of a word unless it conveys grammatical information. If it is not pronounced, lengthen the vowel before it, but do not write it that way. If the vowel is already long, ë is dropped less regularly.

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