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Grammar guide
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This article contains most of the rules that guide how words are put together.
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 20 Mar 2022, 02:22.

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SECTION NEBEN: PARTS OF SPEECH
1i. Pronouns
Pronouns are shown in the chart 'Pronouns'. In most cases, the ambiguous and inanimate forms should be used. The male and female are only to be used when there is ambiguity. Pronouns always act as nouns, and do not change based on weather they are a subject, object or otherwise.

1j. Nouns
all nouns begin with consonants and end with vowels.

1u. Proper nouns
All proper nouns have their first and last letters capitalized. Foreign names are to be kept as-is if they are written in Latin script. Place names are to be that that is called in that place (eg. Deutschland instead of Germany). Names for people or places where the Latin script is not used are to be converted into Deteposaduruki as accurately as possible while retaining its grammar rules.

1e. Verbs
All verb (with the exception of wb) begin and end with consonants (unconjugated). The unconjugated form is the infinitive. Verbs are conjugated for time and status as seen in the table "Verb endings". The past present and future on the left side of the table indicate the point of view from when the past present or future at the top of the table happened. In English, you could say, for example, "I will have run". In that example, you are basically saying that the action of 'run' occurs in the past ,from the perspective of the future. In Deteposaduruki, you can conjugate verbs to occur in any time from the point of view of any time. Verbs are also conjugated based on weather they are completed, attempted, or ongoing. The default form is present-present-completed. Unlike with pronouns, the ambiguous form is only to be used to be intentionally vauge, for dramatic effect, when it is actually unknown, or when talking about the general concept of that action.

1w. Adjectives
Adjectives begin with vowels and end with consonants. There is no distinction between adjectives and adverbs.

1o. Numbers
Numbers are written in base-10. they are denotated by the circumfix ne--en.
each digit within the number is spoken and written as either a consonant or vowel (alternating)
0-s-av
1-b-i
2-c-j
3-d-u
4-f-e
5-g-w
6-k-o
7-l-y
8-m-a
9-p-h
If the number is positive, it starts with the consonant. If negative, it starts with the vowel.
A 't' is inserted wherever there are two adjacent vowels. a decimal point is indicated by 'q' inserted where the decimal point would be
one=neben, twenty-two=necjten
Numbers always act as adjectives. In English, where you would say 'two of the crowd stood out', you would have to say two (people) of the crowd stood out in Deteposaduruki.

1y. Articles
Articles act as adjectives. Present/not present are from the perspective of the speaker.
Indefinite ambiguous = y English= a, some
definite ambiguous = xy English= the
definite not present = xyv English= that, those
definite present = xyg English= this, these
conglomerate = xa English= no analogue (sort of means 'all of the')
Indefinite not present = yv English= no analogue
Indefinite present = yg English= no analogue
Articles are never mandatory, and are only used when there is ambiguity. In English the default for nouns is to assume an uncountable of substance is being spoken of. (there is goose on the road vs. there is a goose on the road). In Deteposaduruki, the default singular. Because there is no plural form of articles, and the noun itself must be looked at to determine how much it is. Additionally, if you use an article before a substance or uncountable, for instance water, that would mean, in Deteposaduruki, that you are talking about the smallest possible subdivision of it, in this case, one molecule of water. to talk about it as a substance, an affix is to be used (see section necen).

1a. Prepositions (also known as adpositions)
Prepositions are used at the beginning of prepositional phrases. They are a bit complicated. All prepositions begin and end with consonants, and indirect objects must be in prepositional phrases.

1h. Conjunctions
Conjunctions are used to start a subordinating clause (which must come after the main clause). they start and end with consonants.

SECTION NECEN: (many)AFFIXES
Multiple of the same affix can always be added for additional emphasis.

2i. Noun Affixes
cu- negates it (not x/ reciprocal)
xu- antynomizes it (opposite of x)
-py make it bigger (sort of like -on in Spanish)
-vy make it smaller (sort of like -ette in English or -eta in Spanish)
h--k turn it into an adjective (-ish or -esque)
-bwb turn it into a verb (-to x [computering; using a computer])
-nj turn it into a substance

2j. Verb Affixes
cu- negates/reciprocalizes it (not x)
xu- antynomizes it (opposite of x)
-wrw turns it into a noun meaning its doer (to work->worker)
-uru turns it into a noun meaning its subject matter (to work->work(n))
ivi- turns it into a adjective meaning x-able

2u. Adjective Affixes
uc- negates/reciprocalizes it (not x)
ux- antynomizes it (opposite of x)
-yp greater (-er)
-yx lesser (less x)
-yt equal value
-op greatest
-ox least
-ot superlatively average
x--w nominalization (-ness)

SECTION NEDEN: DESCRIBING THINGS

3i. Origin/possession
To show origin and possession add the origin or the possessor to the end of the possesse/originee, then add the circumfix de--ki
Ex. his fact= de+fwth+ler+ki =defwthlerki
add the prefix le- to this whole thing if you are talking about the origin/possessor rather than the possessee/ originee. a 't' is added between the origin/ possessor and the possessee/originee if the possessee/originee ends with a vowel and the origin/possessor begins witha a vowel. If there is more than one of either the possessee/originee or the origin/ possessor, then 'cy' is put between them, and is seperated by spaces.

3j. Using Adjectives
Add the adjective to the end of the noun, then add the circumfix fe--gi. This form is also used with numbers, articles, and when using adjectives to describe anything. a 't' is added between the noun and the adjective if the noun ends with a vowel and the adjective begins with a vowel.
Ex. early day =fe+dy+t+ythr+gi=fedytythrgi. If there is more than one adjective, then 'cy' is put between them, and is seperated by spaces.
Ex. big bad year= fe+no+t+uxwswk+ cy +uxobed+gi= fenotuxwxwk cy uxobedgi. In cases like this, the spaces are phonemic. Having more adjectives works in the same way.

SECTION NEFEN: CONSTRUCTING A SENTENCE

4i. Making a clause
Deteposaduruki is an SVO language. To make a clause, (which constitutes a sentence), you take the subject, which is a noun, leave a space, put the verb next to that, conjugated for its use in that circumstance, then put the direct object and/or indirect object after that.

4j. Objects
Direct objects can follow verbs, after a space. If there is more than one, they are separated by cy, and by spaces. (Subject) (Verb) (DO1) cy (DO2)
For indirect objects you must use a prepositional phrase, using the preposition for 'unto', and the object of the preposition being the indirect object.

4u. Prepositional Phrases
Prepositional phrases are used both to describe nouns and verbs, when they are used to describe a verb, they act as an adverb, and when describing a noun, an adjective. Prepositional phrases are made up of a preposition, followed by its object and separated by a space (which is phonemic). The whole thing is surrounded by the circumfix fjq--pht.

SECTION NEGEN: MISCELLANY

5i. Relative expressions
You can describe something by an action that it does. Ex. The man who lives next door. To do so, use the circumfix fe-gi in the form fe-subject-verb phrase-gi. The verb should be conjugated accordingly. If there is any other type of relative expression eg "I think that the cat is red" you use the circumfix qap--qopo. this turns the whole clause into an object.

5j. Clauses
Clauses are separated from each other by conjunctions. subordinating conjunctions act as the first half of a circumfix around the entire clause, however they are separated by spaces. The second part of this circumfix is -qop, which is not separated by spaces from the rest of the clause, but is attached to the last word in the clause. EDIT: The beginning of the circumfix is now qap-, conjunctions still go in the middle.

5u. Questions
Questions are formed by saying a statement in which the unknown value is replaced by the base word tev. For Boolean questions, the suffix -ag is added to the conjugated verb.

5e. Predicate nominatives
Predicate nominatives are formed by using the verb 'exist' e.g. "The cat is orange" would translate literally to "The orange cat exists".

5w. More fun with plurals and uncountable
When you refer to something that there is more than one of, for instance "every person..." the noun, in this case "person" must be plural. It is assumed that when you add an adjective to a noun, you are talking about a singular, and the smallest possible unit of it. If you use the plural, it is assumed that you are describing every individual in the set of that noun, in this case, persons. If you want to talk about people, or any group of countable nouns as a whole, you add the suffix "s" and then you add "-nj".

5o. Animals
This is not strictly grammar related, but I do not feel like making another article right now. The most specific words for any animal in Deteposaduruki is the Family. If you want to be more specific, you use the latin genus-species, and put it in italics. no special spaces are kept. It can either be pronounced as latin, or phonetically in Deteposaduruki.
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