cws
Greetings Guest
home > library > journal > view_article
« Back to Articles ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article » Journal
Relative clauses
1▲ 1 ▼ 0
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 18 Mar 2019, 04:20.

[comments]
[Public] ? ?
11. Derivation ? ?
?FYI...
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Menu 1. Irregular relatives
Deinau relative clauses behave differently according to the verb class. use a gap strategy. The relative is preposed to the noun it modifies. Verb tones remain the same, except for unergative verbs that change to HL. The causative forms of transitive verbs use the auxiliary verb p-, do.


MainRel
MedPin
P
Ai
Movisi
Trai
Caus 1ai
Caus 2aasŋ+pi


Bál mùkoṇne sláata.
Bál
ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent
-1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
mù-koṇne
CLClassifier
quantifies and/or replaces nouns
-letter.ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient
-NMZNominaliser
makes other word a noun
sláa-ta
1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
.write-TRTransitive (valency)
has two arguments
-IMPFUnknown code

I am writing a letter.

Mukoṇne zhobìnmu.
mù-koṇne
CLClassifier
quantifies and/or replaces nouns
-letter.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument
zhob-ìn-m-u
burn-MIDPUnknown code-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech
-PFVPerfective (aspect)
completed action

The letter burned.

Bál mùkoṇne zhómmu.
Bál
ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent
-1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
mùkoṇne
CLClassifier
quantifies and/or replaces nouns
-letter.ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient
-NMZNominaliser
makes other word a noun
zhóm-a-m-u
1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
.burn-TRTransitive (valency)
has two arguments
-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech
-PFVPerfective (aspect)
completed action

I burned the letter

Bál ẓóbi mùkoṇne sláamu
[Bá-l
ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent
-1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
ẓób-i]
burn-RELRelative
mù-koṇne
CLClassifier
quantifies and/or replaces nouns
-letter.OBLOblique (argument)
indirect or demoted object
sláa-a-m-u
1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
.write-TRTransitive (valency)
has two arguments
-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech
-PFVPerfective (aspect)
completed action

I wrote the letter [that I burned].

[Bàs ẓóbi] mùkoṇne bál sláamu
[bà-s
ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent
-2Second person (person)
addressee (you)
ẓób-i]
burn-RELRelative
mù-koṇne
CLClassifier
quantifies and/or replaces nouns
-letter.OBLOblique (argument)
indirect or demoted object
bá-l
ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent
-1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
sláa-a-m-u
1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
.write-TRTransitive (valency)
has two arguments
-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech
-PFVPerfective (aspect)
completed action

I wrote the letter [that you burned].

[Ẓòb mùkoṇne] bál sláamu
[ẓòb
burn,RELRelative
mù-koṇne]
CLClassifier
quantifies and/or replaces nouns
-letter.OBLOblique (argument)
indirect or demoted object
bá-l
ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent
-1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
slaà-a-m-u
write-TRTransitive (valency)
has two arguments
-PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech
-PFVPerfective (aspect)
completed action

I wrote the letter [that burned].

[Bál slàa] mùkoṇne ẓómmu
I burned the letter [I wrote]

[Bál slàa] mukóṇne ẓobìnmu.
The letter [I wrote] burned.

Mukoṇne ·mázaagag uŋ slaànmu.
The letter is written on a clay tablet.

[·Máśaagag uŋ slaà] mukóṇne ·pamkù.
The letter written on a clay tablet broke.

[Anslaà] ·mazáag naàmku.
The clay tablet [that's written over] is white

·áḍot mùkmaṇa álip ŋi ·upamu.
The man gave a book to the woman.

[mùkmara álip ŋi ·upì] ·aḍot
the man that gave a book to the woman

[·áḍot álip ·upì] mukumaṇ
the book that the man gave to the woman

·áḍot alìp mùkmaṇ ·upalmu
The man gave the woman the book

[·áḍot mùkmaṇ ·upìl] álip
the woman that was given the book by the man

ali ·áḍot ken kudlòma
the woman was home with the man

[ali ·kenis kudlò] ·aḍot
the man the woman was home with

[mátpan ken anì] alip
the woman that looked herself with the mirror

[alip ·kenis anì] matpan ·pamku.
the mirror that the woman looked herself with is broken.

Apunge ẓel ·dàŋaaga uŋ ŋumŋu betà.
my brother runs in the beach.

Apunge ẓel ·uŋ ŋumŋu bii ·daŋaaga.
The beach where my brother runs

·Dáŋaaga uŋ ŋumŋu biì apunge ·amṭù.
my brother who used to run in the beach died.

P verb:
·sidlimnu giìṇta.
The rat is black

Relative P verb
Giìṇ ·sidlimnu ·amṭu.
the black rat died

[edit] [top]Irregular relatives


Some auxiliary verbs have suppletive relative forms.

Negative verb
·Sdlimnu giiṇag ota.
The rat is not black


Auxiliary o relativized
Giiṇag tuù ·sdlimnu ·amṭù.
the rat that's not black died


Bal sglaàbaa gáasaŋ ẓu ·ẓáta.
ba-l
ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent
-1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
s-glaàb-aa
CLClassifier
quantifies and/or replaces nouns
=crab-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few
.ACCAccusative (case)
TRANS direct object; patient
gáas-ŋ
1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I
.EATUnknown code.NMZNominaliser
makes other word a noun
.ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent
ẓu
ABLAblative (case)
away from
·ẓ-á-ta
want-TRTransitive (valency)
has two arguments
-IPFVImperfective (aspect)
'interrupted or incomplete'

I want to eat some of the crabs.

Bal gàasaŋ ·ṇtì sglaabassi.
some crabs that i want to eat.

Bàs gàasaŋ ·ṇtile saglaabassi.
some crabs you will want to eat.

Bàs gaasam ·ẓize saglaabassi.
some crabs you might want to eat.

✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article
Comments
privacy | FAQs | rules | statistics | graphs | donate | api (indev)
Viewing CWS in: English | Time now is 07-Dec-24 15:19 | Δt: 310.0121ms