Basgitian Grammar
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another utter mess written by yours truly
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 7 Jun 2020, 19:35.
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2. Basgitian Grammar
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3. Basgitian idioms
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6. Cutterspeak: About
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7. Grisian Culture
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10. Mholred and Such
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13. Ranyetzan Grammar
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14. The Puaski Religion
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16. Vascetoan Grammar
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?FYI...
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
doot
Basgitian , an agglutinative lang made by uh, me.In
Basgitian , verbs conjugate to show tense, aspect, mood, evidentiality and (depending on how you look at it) person.NB: the example verb 'atá' to have is used to show conjugations.
Tenses
- Present
- Non-present
| Present | Non-Present |
|---|---|
| atá | atatá |
Note that the present is unmarked.
Aspects
- Perfective
- Imperfective
- Inchoative
| Perfective | Imperfective | Inchoative |
|---|---|---|
| atasátá | atataxag | ataxág |
Moods
- Subjunctive
atá > atabáxi
Evidentiality distinctions
- Witness
- Nonwitness
| Witness | Non-Witness |
|---|---|
| atá | xasatá |
Note that the witness form is unmarked.
Negatives
Negatives are marked by the suffix -gi. For example:
atá (have) > atági (do not have)
Basgitian uses 5 distinct forms of pronouns, shown below:
| 1S | saxá |
|---|---|
| 2S+PL | gaá |
| 3S+PL | tiá |
| 1PL (exclusive) | gabi |
| 1PL (inclusive) | gitá |
Singular and plural forms for 2nd person are identical. This is the same for the 3rd person.
Pronouns can also be used as suffixes to show a) possession and b) the person of a verb. For example:
Possession
bá (apple) > básaxá (my apple)
bá > bátiá (their apple)
bá > bágitá (our (incl.) apple)
Verbs and Person
atá (have) > atásaxá (I have)
atá > gibaxixa atatágabi (yesterday we (excl.) had)
atá > ataxágaá (you (will) start to have)
Declination for nouns is limited. Apart from those mentioned above, the only other time nouns decline is to show plural forms. Initial syllable reduplication is used to mark this:
bá (apple) > bá-bá (apples)
Noun incorporation
Noun incorporation is employed by Basgitian the majority of the time, creating pretty little things like:
báxatásaxá
بوأتوساءو
/bõʔat̺os̺aʔo/
bá - x - atá - saxá
apple - EEpenthetic
something 'meaningless' inserted for structural reasons - have - 1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I
I have an apple.
literally: apple-have-I
Here you can also see the OVS word order in Basgitian. Fun.
Relative clauses always come after their respective noun, and the relative pronoun 'háx' is used at the start of the relative clause for everything 'wh-' and 'that' ('wh-' words in terms of questions have separate Basgitian equivalents). Some examples of relative clauses in use are shown below:
Bá, háx gibaxixa bixisaxá, bagisaxá.
بو هاءݢيبائأ بيئساءخو باݢيساءو
/bõ hoʔ gibãʔiʔa biʔis̺aʔo bãgis̺aʔo/
apple RELRelative yesterday buy.NPRSNon-present (tense)
time other than now-1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I eat.PRESPresent tense (tense)
current-1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I
I am eating an apple, which I bought yesterday.
Saxáxapágati, háx bágáatiá.
ساءوأڤوݢاتي هوءبوݢواتيو
/s̺aʔoʔapõgat̺i hoʔ bõgoat̺ʲo/
1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I-see.PRESPresent tense (tense)
current-man RELRelative apple-sell.PRESPresent tense (tense)
current-3SThird person singular (person)
neither speaker nor addressee
The man who sells apples sees me.
To form the passive voice in Basgitian, the construction is as follows:
- The agent is put in the standard S (subject) position in the sentence (normal word order is OVS)
- The verb 'gixá' (which is never conjugated in this case, roughly meaning 'to hit') is inserted before the patient
So the patient is said to get hit by the agent with the verb.
Examples:
Gibaxi, táx saxá gixá tiábagitágaá sigaxi.
It must have been eaten once yesterday by you for me.
WIP.
And that's about it. More craziness. More apples. Thanks for reading. ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article
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