Jutisk Pronunciation, Orthography, and Sound Changes
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A guide to one of the most confusing sides of Jutisk.
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 1 Jul 2019, 17:43.
[comments] jtsjutiskphonologyorthographysound changesgermanicproto-germanicold high german
1. Jutisk Grammar
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3. Jutisk Samples
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5. Jutisk Syntax
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Orthography | IPA (Common) | IPA (Traditional) | Old High German counterpart |
---|---|---|---|
a | a | a | a |
á | ɑ: | a: | ā |
e | e | e | e |
é | e: | e: | ē |
ë | ɛ/ə | ɛ | ë/e |
ëí | ɨ | əi | ei |
i | ɪ (I in some stressed syllables) | i | i |
í | i: | i: | ī |
o | ɔ | o | o |
ó | o: | o: | ō |
œ | œ: | œ | O with umlaut |
oo | æ:/a: | a | á with umlaut |
u | ʊ (U in some stressed syllables) | u | u |
ú | u: | u: | ū |
ui | y: | y | u with umlaut |
Orthography | IPA (Common) | IPA (Traditional) | Old High German counterpart |
---|---|---|---|
b | b | b | b |
ç | ç | ç | hh |
ch | x: | x | hh |
d | d | d | d |
f | f | f | f |
g | g | g | g |
h | h/silent | h | h |
j | j/ʒ: at the start of some words | j | j |
k | k | k | c/k |
l | l | l | l |
m | m | m | m |
n | n | n | n |
ng | ŋ | ŋg | ng |
p | p | p | p |
pf | ɸ: | ɸ: | pf |
r | ɹ | r | r |
s | s | s | s |
sk | tʃ | ç: | sk |
t | t | t | t |
th | θ: | θ: | ts/z |
v | v | v | v |
w | w | v | w |
x | tʃ | ç: | ks |
z | z/θ, though they are often both pronounced z | z/θ | z/th |
Jutisk has taken many loanwords from various languages, especially those near it. Letters in loanwords are often pronounced differently than they are in Jutisk. Note that k is sometimes written c in words of Latin origin.
Latin:
Latin spelling | Jutisk spelling | Jutisk pronunciation |
---|---|---|
a | a | a |
ā | á | á |
ae | oo | oo |
au | oo | oo |
b | b | b |
c | k | Like k before a back vowel and like x before a front vowel |
e | e, ë at end of words | e, ë at end of words |
ē | é | é |
ei | é | é |
eu | eu | ui |
f | f | f |
g | g | Like g before back vowel, like ç before front vowel |
gn | gn | nj |
h | h | h |
i | i | i (always like stressed) |
ī | í | í |
j | j (always soft) | j |
l | l | l |
m | m | m |
n | n | n |
o | o | o |
ō | ó | ó |
oe | oo | oo |
p | p | p |
qu | qu | k |
r | r | r |
s | s | s |
sc | sk | Like s and k before back vowel, like sk before front vowel |
t | t | t |
u | u | u (always like stressed) |
ū | ú | ú |
ui | ui | ui |
v | v | v |
x | x | ks |
z | z | dz |
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