Lesson #2: view article

Nouns

This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 4 Dec 2015, 07:37.

[comments] glalessonslesson 2 Glārosat (2 articles)

Glārosat nouns have four classes. The endings of the nouns change from the dictionary ending of -e to one of the four cases below:

Noun Ending	Case	Example: sāje, "friend"
-ēt	Doer, Subject Case	sājēt
-ei	Doee, Object Case	sājei
-ai	Doee-to, Indirect Object	sājai
-ā	Possesive, Genitive Case	sajā

The main actor of the sentence, the thing doing the action, takes the case -ēt: in the sentence below, the word "person", koge, becomes kogēt.

The receiver of the action takes the case -ei. In the example below, "shield", tenēne, becomes tenēnei.

The agent related to the action takes the case -ai. In this example, "god", keice becomes keicai. This case is often used with prepositions. In some sentences that lack a direct object, the indirect object often takes the -ei case ending; the meaning is retained by the use of prepositions.

The case -ā denotes possession (her cat), a trait (cunning of the fox), or production (the moon's light). In the example, the third person pronoun "they" se becomes sā.

"The person stole their shield from a god."
sū kogēt sā tenēnei tr keicai rocāθr

Plurals
Plural nouns have slightly different case endings.

	Singular	Plural
Subject	-ēt	-ēk
Object	-ei	-eik
Indirect	-ai	-aik
Genitive	-ā	-āk

Quiz Time!
If the following sentences were translated into Glārosat, how would the word "tree", glodre appear?

The cat climbed the tree.
↺
The tree's leaves rustled in the wind.
↺
She threw the ball into the tree.
↺
The lumberjack cut down the tree.
↺
The tree grew in the lot between our houses.
↺
The stone was cracked by the roots of the tree.
↺
The cat lives in the tree.
↺

[top]Articles

Nouns in Glārosat are almost always accompanied by an article. The articles agree in element with the noun.

	Definite	Indefinite	Demonstrative	Partitive
Sun	tū	tr	totū	rēto
Wind	sū	sr	sosū	rēso
Rain	nū	nr	nonū	rēno
Soil	lū	lr	lolū	rēlo

The Definite article marks a specific instance of a noun, equivalent to the English word "the".

The Indefinite article marks a nonspecific noun, either because it is part of a general or hypothetical statement, or it was just introduced to the listener. It is equivalent to the English word "a/an".

The Demonstrative article, equivalent to the English "this/that" also marks a specific noun, often used to specify the noun referred to or distinguish it from other nouns.

The Partitive article marks some part of a noun, like "some people" or "some dogs". It can be modified by adding the suffix tū- to mean "most" (tūrēso sājeik, "most friends") and no- to mean "few" (norēto teiprēk, "few days","not many days")

Quiz Time!
How would the following be expressed in Glārosat? (The word for cat is māsatte)

this cat ↺
a cat ↺
the cats ↺
some cats ↺
my cat ↺

How would these phrases translate into English? (The word for dog is lūtore)

totū lūtorēt ↺
tū lūtoraik ↺
mā lūtoreik ↺
tr lūtorei ↺
rēto lūtorāk ↺