Kerkkian Grammar
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This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 10 Jun 2020, 13:08.
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1. Kerkkian Grammar
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Nouns tend to be derived from their corresponding verbs through affixes and prefixes by adding attributes of "action," "patient," "nominalization," "actor" and "location." Although nouns tend to come from their action, there is an order within the agglutination of attributes: Nominalization - Actor/Agent - Location. Action is a stand alone and would be most similar to the nouns "the reading, the eating, the doing." The same thing occurs with the patient attribute.
| goi | to buy |
|---|---|
| goide | purchase |
| goidek | buyer |
| agoidek | store |
| goiqo | buying |
| goiɹe | the bought one/purchased |
Adjectives work, most commonly, in a similar fashion through affixes on verb or noun alike. However, there are three possible affixes that are have no specific rule when being applied: o/ot-, e/eɹ- and i/is-.
Compound words exist through the union of the component words, having the descriptor be last in the newly formed noun. Some consonants may be reduced, eliminated or changed to allow for a better rhythm in the word, while vowels and, occasionally, consonants will be added for the same purpose.
Apart from structuring sentences in a OVS order, with the possibility of dropping the subject pronoun, Kerkkian splits sentences into "entities." An entity can be defined as a component of a sentence which can be separated to have sense on its own; they can be divided into: actor, subject, object, verb, complement and predicate. Among them, an entity can be a combination of the latter mentioned items to the point in which a sentence is its own entity. Entities are helpful when structuring word order and sentence morphology since they allow for a systematic vision to be formed. Entities that complement either the subject or object of a sentence are situated proceeding them, forming an entity on its own of the combination of the two, additional complements could be added; however, these would act as a complement to the previous entity in its entirety, pardon the similarities and repetition.
vig ʈekohia ovi oqiat ʈefod / The bread with seeds on the table
et ʈegis ovi ʈosa teʈeɹi / The dog with the ball near the park
Indefinite pronouns such as "somebody" or "something" are directly related to the referred noun. For example, "somebody" would be constructed by INDEFIndefinite
a nonspecific referent.person, "somewhere" by INDEFIndefinite
a nonspecific referent.place, and "something" by INDEFIndefinite
a nonspecific referent.thing.
The construction of pronouns that are indefinite and non-discriminative such as the negation and question indefinite pronouns "anybody" and "anywhere" in English is done through the addition of the affix q- to the previous indefinite pronoun.
| qod | man (masc. animate) |
|---|---|
| eheqod | somebody (masc. animate) / a man |
| qeheqod | anybody (masc. animate) / any man |
Verbal negation
Verbal negation in Kerkkian works under symmetric negation, and therefore, there is not a considerable alteration in the structure of the verb. To negate an action in a sentence, the particle re is added after the verb.
Negative indefinite pronouns
To negate indefinite pronouns in order to construct words such as "nobody," "nothing," or "nowhere," the particle re is included after the indefinite pronoun that is to be negated.
Kerkkian works under a mixed behavior in terms of the co-occurrences of predicative negation and negative indefinite pronouns. Negative indefinites preclude predicate negation when they precede the verb; however, predicate negation is required when they follow the verb.
Nominal conjunction
Nominal conjunctions do not pose any difference in structure since they just use the conjunction straightforward without any change.
Verb phrase conjunction
In verb phrases with conjunctions, instead of using the e conjunction, ovo is used.
Clause conjunction
Clause conjunctions differ slightly since they mark the clause by circumfixing the clause. The clause would contain the desired conjunction at the end of the first clause being joined with the next, and the clause marker ve at the beginning.
Active voice is unmarked and follows the regular OVS sentence structure set off by the language's grammar without further edition. However, when altering the voice into the other possible one, passive voice, in which the stress of the action is laid on the object, a marker in the form of a suffix is used on the verb. -eɹya/ɹya is added to the end of the verb to denote passiveness and emphasize the direction of the action and its point of view.
toʈead doateɹya eheqod / The horse is seen by a man
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