Aeolian "Adjectives" and "Adverbs": view article

"Adjectives" a.k.a. Participles

In Aeolian, everything that would be an adjective in e.g. English is a state verb.

ljutee v. st. to be blue (color)
Ywese ljutee. I (status-neutral gender) am blue.
Ywetaa ljutad. You (higher-status gender) were blue.

Compare with astee v. intr. st to hope:
Ywese astee. I (neut) hope.
Ywetaa astad. You (higher) hoped.

To use it as a descriptor for a noun, you use a gerund if the thing is currently/non-inherently describable by that word, and a passive participle if it is permanently/inherently describable by that word.

ljutesi hesjet an inherently/permanently blue (lit. been-blue) shirt
ljutelwi hesjet a currently blue (lit. being-blue) shirt

Compare with ladee v. intr. st. to burn:
ladesi hesjet a burnt (already happened, can't be reversed/prevented) shirt
ladelwi hesjet a burning (currently on fire) shirt

To make a noun out of an adjective, you add an -s to the end:
ljutelwis n. neut. a currently existent blueness
ljutesis n. neut. a permanent/inherently-to-something existent blueness
ladelwis n. neut. burning, combustion
ladesis n. neut. burntness
astalwis n. resp. a current hope (e.g. "i had high hopes for this restaurant's food...but...no.")
astasis n. resp. an inherent/permanent/long-term hope/aspiration (e.g. "the hope for a better life")

But also, many state verbs come from an older noun form. This third form is now used to describe the state itself as a concept/in general:

ljut n. neut blue (in general)
lady n. pl. neut. fire (in general)
asta n. resp. hope (as a concept)

"Adverbs" and "Modal Verbs" a.k.a Nouns in Various Cases

Aeolian doesn't have a concept of adverbs as a separate idea. Where they would be used in English, instead nouns are used.
- Manner adverbials are typically nouns in the instrumentative case (instead of verbing quickly, you verb with-speed)
- Time and place adverbials are typically in the locative case (instead of verbing tomorrow, you verb at-tomorrow; instead of verbing there, you verb at-there)

xwee v. intr. st. to be happy
xwelwis n. neut. (current) happiness
ryxwelwis with (current) happiness = happily

Modal verbs also don't exist. Instead, there are some nouns that are usually used in the instrumentative case, like manner-adverbial nouns:
(ry)darsot can: "with optionality/ability/possibility"
(ry)drular must: "with un-optionality/inherent requirement/logical implication"
(ry)dörho may: "with social/authority permission"
(ry)sreci have to: "with social/authority/moral requirement"
(ry)twoja should: "with recommendation/belief of necessity or usefulness"
(ryw)urte must as in must have, must be: "with strong belief in x's truth"

Some other things that are nouns in the instrumentative case:
(ry)tjoo not: "with falsity" ("i do not write a letter" = "with falsity, i write a letter")
(ry)qwai so: "with emphasis/extremeness"
(ry)qwuu fuckin'/goddamn: "with crude/disrespectful emphasis/extremeness"
(ryw)urte why/because: "with reason"
Note that the first three of those have diphthongs or long vowels in their first syllable. This normally would not be allowed for nouns in Aeolian, but none of those words can be paucalized or pluralized anyway (and are not usually used outside of their adverbial use), so it's OK.

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