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Grammatical Categories in Tiengin
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This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 31 Dec 2017, 21:27.

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Menu 1. Nouns 2. Verbs

Gender
Tiengin nouns come in one of two genders, which are arbitrary in nature (i.e. they do not correlate with natural gender). These genders are named 'sharp' and 'dull,' as an homage to the importance of blades in Tiengic culture and in reference to some of the common characteristics of nouns in each class.

Case
Tiengin nouns can be declined into nominative, genitive, dative, instrumental, ablative, adessive, allative, and a marginal accusative case. The accusative case, apart from a handful of irregular words, is mostly only marked on a noun's dependents.


Class
Tiengin verbs come in five classes, which are broadly semantic in nature. These classes include verbs of mental states, of creation, of destruction, of motion, and of {tbd}. Each class has its own conjugation pattern. Verbs of each class may be transitive or intransitive.

Tense-Aspect
Tiengin verbs conjugate for tense and aspect. There are only two tenses: past and non-past. Additionally there are 4 (or 6?) aspects, which include perfective, imperfective, momentane, and durative (and inchoative, terminative?).

Mood
Tiengin has five moods which verbs may be marked for. These include the unmarked indicative, the conditional, optative, hypothetical, and the imperative/jussive. Moods are marked not by direct inflection of the verb itself but by proclitics.

Agreement
Tiengin verbs agree with both their subject and their object, if there is one. Verbs agree with subjects for number and person (and gender?), while they agree with objects only for number (and/or gender?).

Polarity
Negated verbs in Tiengin do not inflect further for tense or aspect. They do however still inflect for agreement.
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