E n'Eveuy va Boanape
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The subjunctive in Poanapian
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 8 Mar 2021, 16:25.
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1. E n'Aren Egono
?
?
Verbs in Poanapian do not inflect their roots; instead, the must have an auxiliary particle that inflects for person, number, and tense. The subjunctive uses a separate set of auxiliary particles, which frequently are contracted with the subject pronouns (indicated in the table below as following the apostrophe).
| PRESPresent tense (tense) current | PSTPast (tense) action occurred before moment of speech | FUTFuture (tense) action occurring after the moment of speech | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGSingular (number) one countable entity | PLPlural (number) more than one/few | SGSingular (number) one countable entity | PLPlural (number) more than one/few | SGSingular (number) one countable entity | PLPlural (number) more than one/few | |
| 1First person (person) speaker, signer, etc; I | nyo'gh | va'ny | me'ny | ma'ny | ghe'gh | gha'ny |
| 2Second person (person) addressee (you) | nyo'd | vo'da | me'n | mo'na | ghe'v | gho'va |
| 3Third person (person) neither speaker nor addressee.ANAnimate (gender/class) alive, moving | nyo'l | va'ly | me'l | ma'ly | ghe'l | gha'ly |
| 3Third person (person) neither speaker nor addressee.INANInanimate (gender/class) inanimate, sessile | nyo'n | va'ny | me'n | ma'ny | ghe'n | gha'ny |
These auxiliaries and their pronouns (which are mandatory except for the third person, and those must still have an explicit subject) precede the main verb of the clause.
When the sole verb of a sentence is in the subjunctive mood, it has a hortative, conditional, or potential meaning:
Nyo'gh van va e n'euval.
SUBJUnknown code.PRESPresent tense (tense)
current.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity-1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I eat in DEFDefinite
"the" NASMNasal mutation (phonology)
mutation=house
I may eat at home.
Gha'ny ou i Daeu.
SUBJUnknown code.FUTFuture (tense)
action occurring after the moment of speech.1PFirst person plural (person)
we (inclusive or exclusive)-1PFirst person plural (person)
we (inclusive or exclusive) go to Edievia
Let's go to Edievia.
When instead in dependent clause, a verb's mood is dependent on the the preceding clause. Some verbs always trigger the subjunctive, while others will only trigger the subjunctive in the right polarity. The following common verbs in the indicated polarity will always trigger the subjunctive in a following clause:
| Poanapian | English |
|---|---|
| nuan | doubt |
| cri la | not believe, not think |
| edav la | not know |
| eudiur (la) | (not) request, ask for |
| troy (la) | (not) hope |
| cav (la) | (not) want |
| lagri (la) | (not) suggest |
O'gh nuan ica nyo ra asu.
PRESPresent tense (tense)
current.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity-1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I doubt RELRelative PRESPresent tense (tense)
current.SUBJUnknown code.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity duck sing
I doubt that a duck is singing.
Ma'ny eudiur la ica me'n ou.
PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech.1PFirst person plural (person)
we (inclusive or exclusive)-1PFirst person plural (person)
we (inclusive or exclusive) request NEGNegative (polarity)
not RELRelative PSTPast (tense)
action occurred before moment of speech.SUBJUnknown code.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity-2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you) go
We didn't ask you to go.
Poanapian makes use of different relative pronouns dependent on the mood of the following clause: se introduces a clause that is indicative, while ica introduces subjunctive ones. ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article
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