Tersamian (OLD) [DPI]
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Typology
Progressing
369 words
[view flag info] Tersamian (OLD)
Jïntlomaź Däŕtminjei [jɯntˈlomaʒ ðærtˈmiɲeɪ̯]
[view flag info] Tersamian (OLD)
Jïntlomaź Däŕtminjei [jɯntˈlomaʒ ðærtˈmiɲeɪ̯]
Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 15 July 2018
Language type
A priori
Species
Human/humanoid
About Tersamian (OLD)
Old version. Please ignore.
Sample of Tersamian (OLD)[view] Negjërnato tat ja ön śakaćat jamek kodejen keret lomoŕ jo nekïŕtö njoa?
Do you not know that a man is not dead while his name is still spoken?[view all texts]
Do you not know that a man is not dead while his name is still spoken?[view all texts]
Language family relationships
[edit] [view] Ältojowa (Altojovian)Altojovian is a major dialect group spoken in the Region of Ältojowa in southwestern D.E.P. It is spoken by more than 300 million people and is a major lingua franca of the Tesamian Bay. It has retained a set of retroflex consonants which have merged with alveolar consonants in most Tersamian dialects. Altojovian has lost the conditional mood for verbs and the vocative case has merged with the nominative case.
Phonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post- Alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | Other | |||||||||||||
| Nasal | m mʲ | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Plosive | p pʲ | b bʲ | t | [d]1 | [ʈ]2 | [ɖ]3 | c | ɟ | k4 kʲ | g gʲ | ʔ | |||||||||||||||
| Fricative | f fʲ | v vʲ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | [ʂ]5 | [ʐ]6 | ɕ | ʑ | ç | [ʝ]7 | x | ɣ | h | [ɦ]8 | |||||||||
| Affricate | t͡s | d͡z | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | t͡ɕ | d͡ʑ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l | ʎ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | [ʋ]9 [ʋ̥]10 | [ɻ]11 | j | w | ɥ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Trill | r | [ʀ]12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Flap | ɾ13 ɾʲ14 | [ɽ]15 [ɽʲ]16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blends | (ks) | (gz) |
- allophone of /ð/
- Common in coastal dialects, allophone of /t͡ʃ/
- Common in coastal dialects, allophone of /d͡ʒ/
- Usually appears in loanwords. Sometimes pharyngealised.
- Common in coastal dialects, allophone of /ʃ/
- Common in coastal dialects, allophone of /ʒ/
- Common in eastern dialects, allophone of /ç/
- Common in eastern dialects. Succeeding vowels usually become breathy after [ɦ], allophone of /h/
- allophone of /v/
- Rare allophone in the Aŕagaŕos region, allophone of /f/
- Common in coastal dialects, allophone of /r/
- Common in western dialects near the Erinst border, allophone of /r/
- Syllable-finally, /ɾ/ might become [t]
- May become [ɟ] syllable-finally
- Common in coastal dialects, allophone of /ɾ/
- Common in coastal dialects, allophone of /ɾʲ/
| Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
| Close | i | y | ɯ | u | ||
| Close-mid | e | ø | ɤ | o | ||
| Mid | [ə]1 | |||||
| Open-mid | [ɛ]2 | [œ]3 | [ʌ]4 | [ɔ]5 | ||
| Near-open | æ | |||||
| Open | a | |||||
| Polyphthongs | æu̯ | øy̯ | aʊ̯ | æi̯ | aɪ̯ | eu̯ | oʊ̯ | ɔʏ̯ |
- allophone of /e/
- allophone of /e/
- allophone of /ø/
- allophone of /ɤ/
- allophone of /o/
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Tersamian (OLD). This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
 Tersamian (OLD)Orthography [edit] | |||||||||
| '/ʔ/ | Aa/a/ | Ää/æ/ | ÄI äi/æi̯/ | AI ai/aɪ̯/ | ÄU äu/æu̯/ | AU au/aʊ̯/ | Bb/b/ | BJ bj/bʲ/ | Ćć/t͡ʃ/, [ʈ]1 |
| Cc/t͡s/ | CJ cj/t͡ɕ/ | Dd/ð/, [d] | DJ dj/ɟ/ | Ëë/ɤ/, [ʌ] | Ee/e/, [ɛ], [ə] | EU eu/eu̯/ | ËU ëu/oʊ̯/ | Ff/f/, [ʋ̥]2 | FJ fj/fʲ/ |
| Gg/g/ | GJ gj/gʲ/ | Hh/h/, [ɦ]3 | HJ hj/ç/ | Ïï/ɯ/ | Ii/i/ | Jj/j/ | Kk/k/ | KJ kj/kʲ/ | Ll/l/ |
| LJ lj/ʎ/ | Mm/m/ | MJ mj/mʲ/ | Nn/n/ | NG ng/ŋ/ | NJ nj/ɲ/ | Öö/ø/, [œ] | Oo/o/, [ɔ] | ÖI öi/øy̯/ | OI oi/ɔʏ̯/ |
| Pp/p/ | PJ pj/pʲ/ | Qq/k/4 | Rr/ɾ/5, [ɽ]6 | Ŕŕ/r/, [ʀ]7, [ɻ]8 | RJ rj/ɾʲ/9 | Ss/s/ | Šš/x/ | Śś/ʃ/, [ʂ]10 | ŚJ śj/ɕ/ |
| SJ sj/ɕ/ | ŠJ šj/ç/ | SŹ sź/d͡ʒ/ | SZ sz/d͡z/ | SZJ szj/d͡ʑ/ | Tt/t/ | TJ tj/c/ | Uu/u/ | Üü/y/ | Vv/v/, [ʋ] |
| VJ vj/vʲ/ | Ww/w/ | Xx/ks/11, /gz/12 | Yy/ɥ/ | Źź/ʒ/, [ʐ]13 | Žž/ɣ/ | Zz/z/ | ŹJ źj/ʑ/ | ZJ zj/ʑ/ | ŽJ žj/j/ |
| ✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change] | |||||||||
- Common in coastal dialects
- Rare allophone in the Aŕagaŕos region
- Common in eastern dialects. Succeeding vowels usually become breathy after [ɦ]
- Usually appears in loanwords. Sometimes pharyngealised.
- Syllable-finally, /ɾ/ might become [t]
- Common in coastal dialects
- Common in western dialects near the Erinst border.
- Common in coastal dialects
- May become [ɟ] syllable-finally
- Common in coastal dialects
- loan words only
- loan words only
- Common in coastal dialects
