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Entogan [GNO]
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New 94 words Entogan
Èntoqèn
[ɛ̀ntɔ́gɛ̀n]*
Registered by [Deactivated User] on 19 June 2019
Language type Not specified
Species Human/humanoid
About Entogan potential alphabetical order: l y e i k s t d w o a ź x ɣ ÿ n f u g b z ś m - ĺ ŋ ſſ
Sample of EntoganCan't find any yet.
Latest vocabulary
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Phonology
ConsonantsBilabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottalOther
Nasal m n1 [n̺ʷ]2   [ŋ]3    
Plosive p [b]4 t5 d6 dˡ7   k g8 ʔ9  
Fricative ɸ10 [β]11 s12 s̺ʷ13 z14 z̺ʷ   [x]15 ɣ16 [ɣˠ]17 ɦ18  
Affricate       k͡x [g͡ɣ]19   t͡ɬ d͡ɮ
Lateral approximant   l        
Lateral fricative   ɬ ɮ        
Approximant β̞   j ɰ    
  1. dental
  2. allophone of coda /n/ before other labialized apical consonants, allophone of /n/
  3. coda /n/ before velars, realization of /n.n/, allophone of /n/
  4. /p/, /β̞/ and /m/ after coda /m/; free variation with /β̞/
  5. dental
  6. dental
  7. more accurately [ɾl̩]
  8. velars are generally pronounced a bit forward in the mouth ([g̟])
  9. becomes a nasal after nasal vowels (sõ -a → sɔ.(n/m/ŋ)a)
  10. may be an approximant
  11. most commonly before u, l and m, allophone of /β̞/
  12. dental
  13. may be realized as whistled like in Shona.
  14. dental
  15. less common, but often written for simplicity, allophone of /k͡x/
  16. phonemic
  17. before l/wV; after e/a before d/n, allophone of /ɰ/
  18. drops after any consonant; phonemic status thus disputed. Romanization not spelled word-initially.
  19. allophone of /k͡x/
VowelsFrontNear-
front
CentralNear-
back
Back
Near-close   ɪ̃1 ɪ́2 ɪ̀   ʊ̃3 ʊ́ ʊ̀4  
Close-mid e̝:5       ɤ̝:6
Open-mid ɛ́ ɛ̀       ɔ́ ɔ̀
Open     ä̃7 ä́ ä̀    
  1. /e/ and /ɪ/ followed by /n/ before a pause, nasal, or /dˡ/
  2. may become merged with ś or ź to become a long, syllabic whistle increasing in frequency
  3. /ɔ/ and /ʊ/ followed by /n/ before a pause, nasal, or /dˡ/
  4. generally weakly rounded
  5. sequence /ij/ and /ej/; always spelled <iy>
  6. sequence /ʊɰ/ and /ɔɰ/; always spelled <ur>
  7. /a/ followed by /n/ before a pause, nasal, or /dˡ/
Syllable StructureCCVC (simple example) More specifically, the coda position can only be filled with -dl, -ll*, -y, -r, -m, -n, or, rarely, t*.

-n may become any other nasal depending on the following consonant, or nasalize the prior vowel word-finally; -m does not assimilate, although makes a following /p/V, /w/ and /m/ become /b/. Coda /n/ before another /n/ becomes [ŋ], and often the entire cluster is simply pronounced as /ŋ/.

/β/ and /m/ may appear after any fricative or plosive(/afficate) aside from /ʔ/, /d͡ɮ/, /z̺ʷ/, /s̺ʷ/, and consonants in the same family (bilabials; laterals) - with the exception of /m/, which may occur after bilabial/labial-alveolar fricatives but not after /t͡ɬ/

Glottal stops disappear after coda r, n, m, ll and dl. /h/ disappears after all codas (thus making it unclear if it's truly phonemic).

/ɰ/ undergoes fortition to /ɣ or /x/ before /l/ or /β/, after /a/, and after /e/ before coronal stops. It mutates to a plosive /g/ or /k/ after /a/ or /e/ before /β/ or a fricative, disappearing before velars and laterals. Back vowels merge with /ɰ/ into a new vowel, as do front vowels with /j/.

There do exist a few other exceptions. /sk/ appears as an onset in a few words. /ps/ appears as an onset in one word: (o)psi [not]. /t/ appears word-finally in four words (sèt, zèt, dat, mit); it is generally aspirated or fricated. Coda /ɮ/ is also rare, existing in a coda position in only a few words
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Entogan. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
 EntoganOrthography [edit]
'//-/ʔ/1Aa/ä́/Àà/ä̀/Dd/d/2DL dl/dˡ/3Ee/ɛ́/Èè/ɛ̀/Ff/ɸ/4Gg/ɣ/5
GL gl/d͡ɮ/Hh/ɦ/6Ii/ɪ́/7Ìì/ɪ̀/Kk/k/Ll/l/LH lh/ɬ/LL ll/ɮ/Mm/m/Nn/n/8, [n̺ʷ]9
Ŋŋ[ŋ]10Oo/ɔ́/Òò/ɔ̀/Pp/p/Qq/g/11Rr/ɰ/, [ɣˠ]12Ss/s/13SS ss/s̺ʷ/14Tt/t/15TL tl/t͡ɬ/
Uu/ʊ́/Ùù/ʊ̀/16Ww/β̞/, [β]17Xx/k͡x/Yy/j/Zz/z/18ZZ zz/z̺ʷ/
✔ Shown in correct order [change]
  1. becomes a nasal after nasal vowels (sõ -a → sɔ.(n/m/ŋ)a)
  2. dental
  3. more accurately [ɾl̩]
  4. may be an approximant
  5. phonemic
  6. drops after any consonant; phonemic status thus disputed. Romanization not spelled word-initially.
  7. may become merged with ś or ź to become a long, syllabic whistle increasing in frequency
  8. dental
  9. allophone of coda /n/ before other labialized apical consonants
  10. coda /n/ before velars, realization of /n.n/
  11. velars are generally pronounced a bit forward in the mouth ([g̟])
  12. before l/wV; after e/a before d/n
  13. dental
  14. may be realized as whistled like in Shona.
  15. dental
  16. generally weakly rounded
  17. most commonly before u, l and m
  18. dental
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