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Standard Retenian [SRTA]
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Typology Functional 6,668 words
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Standard Retenian
Istandáren rayta
[ĭstɐnˈdaɾen ˈraytɐ]
Registered by [Deactivated User] on 24 October 2020
Language type A posteriori
Place & SpeakersStandard Retenian is spoken by a population of around 120,000,000 .
Species Human/humanoid
About Standard Retenian
べれ ゴた!
Bere jota!
(Hello!)


The Retenian language is the official language of Retenia, it's part of the Retenic language group that is part of the Indo-European family, so it's distantly related with most european languages. However, even if there is a consensus about the fact the retenic language group belong to the Indo-European family, the relation between the Retenic branch and the other branch is unclear and it seems that the Retenic branch was one of the first to separe from the common Indo-European with the Anatolian branch.
This is reinforced by the archeologic and genetic evidences that show that the Retenic languages seems to arrived on the Retenian island between 1900 BC and 1700 BC that corrispond with the arrival of the R1B Y-DNA haplogroup in Western Europe (and then in Retenia). Nowadays R1B is one of the most frequent haplogroup among the retenian male population with I2 and E1B1B haplogroups.



Some distinctive features of  Standard Retenian:
-Agglutinative
-SOV
-head final
-Very restrictive phonotactics
-Some basque and afro-asiatic (proto Berber) substrate with Phoenician, Celtic and latin ancient superstrate, and Nordic, Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish, Latin (again), French and English more recent loanwords.
-Uses a syllabary with more than 100 letters as writing system
-"tay tay tay tay tay" is gramatically correct and means "it's a very hard Thai sauce"

In recent evolution of the language the sounds [x] (kh) and [h] (h) tend to merge towards one of these two sounds following the region as well as the syllables [çi] and [si] that tend to be pronounced [çi].
Sample of Standard Retenian[view] Dénew di seko ri fawla nya ba wata di, yawra tshe mafa yo ame nya di kyeju anjamásunaw. Mafa yo yawra do sōtásaw: "day baytsérake ajay sâ" / / Yawra yo saku mitsima te zerase tshe dayshu do saku zenji te fōjase, ame so yóykezi baytsérake futsi. Tshinkan hora te kyeju kizi jadásun, koja nya di ambásun ba tsondo. Mafa yo yawra do sōtásaw...[view all texts]
Latest vocabulary
kokajunduadjuntenable
kokajútuziadvsustainably
kokajutteshansustainability
Sound samples in Standard Retenian
Some sound samples of Standard Retenian. Maximum of 6 shown. Click the links to see the full texts.
Dekeme to dekemetadi natay dekemetaki ten ba oku dekémeji kumeja.
This December is not Decembering like other Decembers that have Decembered.
Maku ewkuytanoy yo anzu ja bure tay
My hovercraft is full of eels
Yotsue, marew so tshan batata e hayadi sâ!
Help, the horse is eating the holy potato!
Bere jota, maku non yo Toni tay
Hello, my name is Tony.
Tshie īnáte? Uykay nya e īnáo.
What do you see? I see an otter.
Zû katu tshe zû tsūkáy e kao
I have two cats and two dogs.
Language family relationships
Language treeIndo-European
 ⤷ Proto-Indo-European
  ⤷  Proto Retenian
   ⤷ Central plain retenian (many dialects)
    ⤷  Old Retenian
     ⤷  Taurayan
      ⤷ Nimarran Retenian
       ⤷  Standard Retenian
[view] About Indo-EuropeanThis family tree includes only the main branches and the branches that are too small to be shown separately. See separate main branches for further detail.
[edit] [view] Fúnen narájin - Kutájin antárjin (Lower Naran - Northern Antarian)This dialect is spoken in the area between the central plain and the eastern plateau.
In this dialect, the influence from Old Antarian and Latin is more important compared to Standard Retenian but there is less celtic and dunaric influence.
[edit] [view] Kutuzenin rayta yetsu (North Western Retenian)No summary available for this dialect.
[edit] [view] Kutóshin rayta (North-Eastern Retenian)This dialect has a vocabulary more influenced by Galahian Celtic (related to Gaulish) but also from Gaelic due to a settlement of peoples from Ireland and Britain during the Middle-Ages.

The pronounciation is a little bit different
[edit] [view] Bahúzenin Rayta (South-western retenian)Bahúzenin Rayta is an unofficial dialect of Standard Retenian, it's the result of the influence locals dialects (regionals languages) on Standard Retenian spoken in South-West of Retenia. So accent and pronunciation is a little bit different. The vocabulary is also more influenced by Portuguese due to the former portuguese rule on theses provinces.

Mains sounds changes:
b > β or v except at beginning of words
Phonology
ConsonantsBilabialLabio-
dental
AlveolarPost-
Alveolar
PalatalLabio-
velar
VelarGlottal
Nasal m   n   ɲ      
Plosive p b   t d   [c]1 [ɟ]2   k g  
Fricative   f s z ʃ ʒ [ç]3   x h [ɦ]4
Affricate     t͡s [d͡z]5 t͡ʃ [d͡ʒ]6        
Lateral approximant     l          
Approximant   ʋ     j w    
Trill     r          
Flap     [ɾ]7          
  1. allophone of /k/
  2. allophone of /g/
  3. allophone of /h/
  4. allophone of /h/
  5. allophone of /z/
  6. allophone of /ʒ/
  7. allophone of /r/
VowelsFrontNear-
front
CentralBack
Close i i:   [ɨ]1 [ʉ]2 [ɯ]3 u u:
Near-close   [ɪ]4    
Close-mid [e]5     [o]6
Mid     [ə]7  
Open-mid ɛ ɛ:     ɔ ɔ:
Near-open     [ɐ]8  
Open a a:      
  1. allophone of /i/
  2. allophone of /u/
  3. allophone of /u/
  4. allophone of /i/
  5. allophone of /ɛ/
  6. allophone of /ɔ/
  7. allophone of /a/
  8. allophone of /a/
Syllable StructureMostly CV
Sometimes CVC
Rarely CCV
Ts, Sh, Tsh and Kh are not consonant clusters because they are one consonant
Stress informationPrimary stress is very important in Retenian because it's phonemic.
It occure on the penultimate syllable when thé word end with a vowel and on the last syllable when the word end with a consonnant. If the word don't follow this pattern, the stress is indicate with diacritics:
á, é, í, ó, ú if it's on a short vowel and â, ê, î, ô, û if it's on a long vowel

Ps: Long vowel are always marked with a diacritic

Secondary stress is not important in Retenian, it's only for the rythm.
It only occure in words of 3 syllables or more.

Stress often affect the way that a vowel is pronounced.
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Standard Retenian. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
 Standard RetenianOrthography [edit]
Aa/a/, [ə], [ɐ]Āā/a:/Bb/b/Dd/d/Ee/ɛ/, [e]Ēē/ɛ:/Ff/f/Gg/g/, [ɟ]Hh/h/, [ç], [ɦ]Īī/i:/Ii/i/, [ɨ], [ɪ]
Jj/ʒ/, [d͡ʒ]Kk/k/, [c]KH kh/x/Ll/l/Mm/m/Nn/n/NY ny/ɲ/Oo/ɔ/, [o]Ōō/ɔ:/Pp/p/Rr/r/, [ɾ]
Ss/s/SH sh/ʃ/Tt/t/TS ts/t͡s/TSH tsh/t͡ʃ/Ūū/u:/Uu/u/, [ɯ], [ʉ]Vv/ʋ/Ww/w/Yy/j/Zz/z/, [d͡z]
✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change]
    Conscript
    Additional NotesStandard Retenian uses 2 writing systems:
    -The traditionnal Retenian Anenarian semi-syllabary, devired from Phoenician abjad and used since ~700 BC
    -The latin alphabet

    During the period of Amarenu Dynasty, Old Retenian was written with a logographic/hieroglyphic script that evoluted from pre-retenian proto script.

    Only in loanwords:
    - Br, dr, pr, tr, kr

    Only in very recents loanwords:
    - V at the beginning at the word (pronounced [ʋ],[β] or [w] depending the accent).
    Latest 8 related articles listed below.
    Retenia
    This page is like an article of Wikipedia about a country, I...
    31-Aug-23 18:53
    Idioms and proverbs
    This article is a list of idioms and proverbs, it will be gr...
    26-May-23 18:25
    History of Retenia
    Main historical dates
    27-Nov-22 22:19
    Lessons (5)
    1The Retenian syllabary
    2Postpositional clitics
    3Verbs
    4numbers
    5Syntax
    Typological information for Standard Retenian

    Animacy distinctionsAnimate/Inanimate
    Noun numbersSingular/Plural
    Noun-adjective orderAdjective first
    Phonemic vowel lengthShort/Long
    Primary word orderSOV

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