Middle Kwang [MKW]
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Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 26 December 2018
+ shared with: Qollab
+ shared with: Qollab
Language type
Proto-Conlang
Species
Human/humanoid
About Middle Kwang
Spoken circa 800 CE in Qonklaks. The ancestor of Standard Kwang and a daughter of Proto-Kwang, making it a Ngerupic language. Like Proto-Kwang, it is inspired by Middle Chinese.
More analytic than its proto-languages, it has changed the mixed noun class/classifier system of Proto-Kwang to be a pure classifier system and has simplified the vestiges of case and alienability in the pronoun system. (Check out the grammar article for more info!)
There are four 'registers' which combine pitch, length and phonation into a single tone category for each vowel they are applied to. These ultimately derive from the two tones of Wa Ñi as well as final consonants, with the glottal stop generally creating the <ã> register and other stops becoming glottal stops, creating the register. (There are other complicated changes too involving syllable onset voicing and tone sequences applied to a single vowel.)
Middle Kwang features a set of pronouns which differ based not just on person and number, but also on formality and status. Each one also has both alienable and inalienable possessive forms. For example, if you were talking to a friend casually, you'd call yourself thàw, but if you were talking to a parent, you'd use mỳj instead, and if you were talking to a younger sibling, you'd use ng.
The syntax is mostly SVO, with a few TAM/topic particles known as 'second-position particles' since they follow the first noun phrase. Other grammatical information is expressed as clause-final particles, adverbs, or auxiliaries. However, the topic of the sentence may be moved to the beginning.
More analytic than its proto-languages, it has changed the mixed noun class/classifier system of Proto-Kwang to be a pure classifier system and has simplified the vestiges of case and alienability in the pronoun system. (Check out the grammar article for more info!)
There are four 'registers' which combine pitch, length and phonation into a single tone category for each vowel they are applied to. These ultimately derive from the two tones of Wa Ñi as well as final consonants, with the glottal stop generally creating the <ã> register and other stops becoming glottal stops, creating the
Register | Pitch | Length | Phonation |
---|---|---|---|
a | High | Mid | Modal |
à | Low rising | Long | Modal |
ã | Mid | Mid | Creaky |
aq | Low | Short | Stiff, ends in glottal stop |
Middle Kwang features a set of pronouns which differ based not just on person and number, but also on formality and status. Each one also has both alienable and inalienable possessive forms. For example, if you were talking to a friend casually, you'd call yourself thàw, but if you were talking to a parent, you'd use mỳj instead, and if you were talking to a younger sibling, you'd use ng.
The syntax is mostly SVO, with a few TAM/topic particles known as 'second-position particles' since they follow the first noun phrase. Other grammatical information is expressed as clause-final particles, adverbs, or auxiliaries. However, the topic of the sentence may be moved to the beginning.
Sample of Middle Kwang[view] Aq nji du ñi thi, we tang nga.
They kept quiet, afraid of being heard.[view all texts]
They kept quiet, afraid of being heard.[view all texts]
Language family relationships
Language treeNgerupic
⤷ Wa Ñi
⤷ Proto-Kwang
⤷ Middle Kwang
⤷ Wa Ñi
⤷ Proto-Kwang
⤷ Middle Kwang
[view] About NgerupicWith over one hundred languages and approximately 500 million speakers in total, the Ngerupic languages comprise one of the largest language families on Sahar, spoken predominantly in Akulanen, Soltenna, and the Terminian Dominion. Countries with Nge...
Phonology
Consonants | Bilabial | Alveolar | Alveolo- palatal | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
Nasal | m m̥ | n n̥ | ɲ ɲ̥ | ŋ ŋ̥ | ||||||||||
Plosive | p pʰ | b | t tʰ | d | k kʰ | g | ʔ | |||||||
Fricative | s | z | ɕ | h | ||||||||||
Affricate | t͡s t͡sʰ | t͡ɕ t͡ɕʰ | d͡ʑ | |||||||||||
Lateral approximant | l l̥ | |||||||||||||
Approximant | ɹ | j | w w̥ |
Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
Close | i ḭ i᷅ | u ṵ u᷅ | ||||
Close-mid | e ḛ e᷅ | o o̰ o᷅ | ||||
Mid | ə ə̰ ə᷅ | |||||
Open-mid | ɛ ɛ̰ ɛ᷅ | ɔ ɔ̰ ɔ᷅ | ||||
Open | a a̰ a᷅ |
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Middle Kwang. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
Middle KwangOrthography [edit] | |||||||||
Aa/a/ | Ãã/a̰/ | Àà/a᷅/ | ÃJ ãj/ɛ̰/ | AJ aj/ɛ/ | ÀJ àj/ɛ᷅/ | AW aw/ɔ/ | ÃW ãw/ɔ̰/ | ÀW àw/ɔ᷅/ | Bb/b/ |
Čč/t͡ɕ/ | ČH čh/t͡ɕʰ/ | Dd/d/ | Ẽẽ/ḛ/ | Ee/e/ | Èè/e᷅/ | Gg/g/ | Hh/h/ | Ìì/i᷅/ | Ii/i/ |
Ĩĩ/ḭ/ | Jj/j/ | Kk/k/ | KH kh/kʰ/ | Ll/l/ | LH lh/l̥/ | Mm/m/ | MH mh/m̥/ | Nn/n/ | Ññ/ɲ/ |
NG ng/ŋ/ | NGH ngh/ŋ̥/ | ÑH ñh/ɲ̥/ | NH nh/n̥/ | Õõ/o̰/ | Oo/o/ | Òò/o᷅/ | Pp/p/ | PH ph/pʰ/ | Qq/ʔ/ |
Rr/ɹ/ | Šš/ɕ/ | Ss/s/ | Tt/t/ | TH th/tʰ/ | TS ts/t͡s/ | TSH tsh/t͡sʰ/ | Uu/u/ | Ùù/u᷅/ | Ũũ/ṵ/ |
Ww/w/ | WH wh/w̥/ | Yy/ə/ | Ỳỳ/ə᷅/ | Ỹỹ/ə̰/ | Zz/z/ | Žž/d͡ʑ/ | |||
✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change] |
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