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Ka'atha Lesson #2
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Verbs
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 6 May 2020, 02:07.

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Hi again! This second lesson will focus on verb formation, as well as providing a few simple verbs.

Ka'atha verbs are agglutinative. A basic verb has person-tense-root order.

SingPlur
1stKo-Tso- (Exclusive) Tsa- (Inclusive)
2ndKa-Ja-
3rd AnimateYa-La-
3rd InanimateTi-Ta-
TenseAffix
Present-han-
Past-kahn-
Future-nan-

Let's do some examples with -goli, the root for "to carry."
  • I carry: Kohangoli
  • I will carry: Konangoli
  • I carried: Kokahngoli
  • You all will carry: Janangoli
  • It carries: Tihangoli

  • However, if one wants to add additional information, more affixes are required. These all fit in between tense and root, going aspect-mood-voice. The exceptions are the imperative and infinitive, which lop off all other affixes.

    A/M/VAffix
    InfinitiveDja-
    ImperativeDo-
    Progressive-yant-
    Habitual-yen-
    Progessive-yant-
    Conditional-ken-
    Passive-ey/hey-

    Now we can do this with -goli:
  • IMPImperative (mood)
    command
    /Carry (it)!: Dogoli (li)!
  • INFInfinitive (TAM)
    non-tensed verb
    /To carry: Djagoli
  • 1SIUnknown code-PRESPresent tense (tense)
    current
    -PROGProgressive (aspect)
    be verb-ing
    /We are carrying: Tsahanyantgoli
  • 2SSecond person singular (person)
    addressee (you)
    -PRESPresent tense (tense)
    current
    -HABHabitual (aspect)
    done often or out of habit
    -PASSPassive voice (valency)
    be verb-ed
    /You are usually carried: Kahanyenheygoli

  • Lastly, to negate a verb, just add -djey to the end.

    I did not carry: Kokahngolidjey

    And that's about it! Here are more basic verbs:

    Be: -ni'a
    Like: -dokhili
    Go: -moley
    Make: -nyona
    Do: -!ina
    Use: -'uhi
    Work: -nyuhi
    Eat: -kijna
    Speak: -nga'i
    Come: -kanga
    Can: -lithta
    See: -kunia
    Want: -they'ey
    Have: -ahngo
    Live: -dulha
    Die: -molechu

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