Ka'atha Lesson #2
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Verbs
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 6 May 2020, 02:07.
[comments] mmblessonslesson 2lizardnonhumannonhumanconlangka'athagrammarverbs
1. Ka'atha Background
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2. Ka'atha Lesson #1
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3. Ka'atha Lesson #2
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Hi again! This second lesson will focus on verb formation, as well as providing a few simple verbs.Ka'atha verbs are agglutinative. A basic verb has person-tense-root order.
Sing | Plur | |
---|---|---|
1st | Ko- | Tso- (Exclusive) Tsa- (Inclusive) |
2nd | Ka- | Ja- |
3rd Animate | Ya- | La- |
3rd Inanimate | Ti- | Ta- |
Tense | Affix |
---|---|
Present | -han- |
Past | -kahn- |
Future | -nan- |
Let's do some examples with -goli, the root for "to carry."
However, if one wants to add additional information, more affixes are required. These all fit in between tense and root, going aspect-mood-voice. The exceptions are the imperative and infinitive, which lop off all other affixes.
A/M/V | Affix |
---|---|
Infinitive | Dja- |
Imperative | Do- |
Progressive | -yant- |
Habitual | -yen- |
Progessive | -yant- |
Conditional | -ken- |
Passive | -ey/hey- |
Now we can do this with -goli:
command/Carry (it)!: Dogoli (li)!
non-tensed verb/To carry: Djagoli
current-PROGProgressive (aspect)
be verb-ing/We are carrying: Tsahanyantgoli
addressee (you)-PRESPresent tense (tense)
current-HABHabitual (aspect)
done often or out of habit-PASSPassive voice (valency)
be verb-ed/You are usually carried: Kahanyenheygoli
Lastly, to negate a verb, just add -djey to the end.
I did not carry: Kokahngolidjey
And that's about it! Here are more basic verbs:
Be: -ni'a
Like: -dokhili
Go: -moley
Make: -nyona
Do: -!ina
Use: -'uhi
Work: -nyuhi
Eat: -kijna
Speak: -nga'i
Come: -kanga
Can: -lithta
See: -kunia
Want: -they'ey
Have: -ahngo
Live: -dulha
Die: -molechu
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