Basic grammar
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Adjectives, nouns, verbs
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 24 Oct 2015, 11:11.
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Nouns are the most important word class in Exanaya, since adjectives, verbs and adverbs all are considered modifications of nouns. This makes kind of sense, because Exanayan culture is based on beautiful objects and concrete things.
Articles
There are six articles in Exanaya:
| Indefinite | Definite | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | Bo | Yi |
| Dual | Mo | Ñi |
| Plural | Bobo | Yiyi |
The articles are placed after the noun they modify
(Tree = Poloki)
A tree - Poloki bo
The tree - Poloki yi
A pair of trees - Poloki mo
The pair of trees - Poloki ñi
Some trees - Poloki bobo
The trees - Poloki yiyi
Numbers
There are three numbers in Exanaya; singular, dual and plural. All nouns are singular by default.
To make a noun dual, you add a final syllable which is either mi, ni, ñi. If the last syllable contains a m, p, f, v or b use mi, ñ, y, r, l, ll or h use ñi and otherwise use ni.
Examples:
Poloki --> Polokini
Ehoña --> Ehoñañi
To make a noun plural you just dubble the last syllable. If this syllable is mi, ni or ñi it creates ambiguity, but that's not very important.
Poloki --> Polokiki
Ehoña --> Ehoñaña
NOTE: When using the articles, you don't need to conjugate the number too, so that's why Poloki in indefinite plural is Poloki bobo and not Polokiki bobo.
Adjectives in Exanaya are not considered a separate word class, but rather nouns or modifications of nouns. For example, the word for face is reina, and beautiful face is reinoi. Here's a table of the suffixes most commonly used:
| Suffix | Meaning | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| -oi | Beautiful | Reinoi | Beautiful face |
| -ue | Ugly | Reinue | Ugly face |
| -au | Big | Reinau | Big face |
| -ï | Small | Reinï | Small face |
| -e | Blue | Reine | Blue face |
| -oa | Red | Reinoa | Red face |
| -o | Green | Reino | Green face |
| -ī | Yellow | Reinī | Yellow face |
That's the most commonly used adjectives in Exanaya, but what if you want to say something like That's a funny person? Well, then you use a noun with the adjective suffix -ye with the noun. So That's a funny person becomes That's a thase ehoñaye, which literally translates to That's a person of joke.
Thase - Person
Ehoña - Joke
Verbs are also considered modifications of nouns. To convert a noun to a verb, just add the -lï suffix. Some common verbs are:
To be - ilalï (in a state of)
Conjugation
The conjugation of verbs are done using suffixes and/or auxiliaries. The simplest form is present, which doesn't require any conjugation. So ilalï really means am/are/is.
Here's a table over the conjugations:
| Suffix | Auxiliary | Example | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | -lï | --- | Ilalï | Am/are/is |
| Past | -lu | --- | Ilalu | Were/was |
| Future | -lï | Aña | Ilalï aña | Going to be |
| Current | -lai | Sa | Ilalai sa | Am/are/is being |
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