the irregular past tense in Hlugzedaam
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This public article was written by [Deactivated User] on 27 Mar 2023, 04:47.
[comments] hlzdverbstamconsonant mutationirregular
1. Possession in HLZD
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Most TAM grammaticalization in Hlugzedaam comes from the agglutination of suffixes at the end of the verb stem. however an older, less transparently concatenative rule, a holdover from far older stages of the linguistic history of Hlugzedaamic languages, dictates a regular-irregular subpattern among some of the more common verbs in the language.
The -(r)aĩ suffix is the regular way of dictating the past
Mezuraĩ
Eat-PST
"ate"
However, the past version of the copula breaks down like this.
Heda
PST-COP
"was/were."
This is from a prefix in old Hlugzedaamic thought to resemble ̣/əx/-. In most cases, this broke down to a simple h sound, and then disappeared entirely. However, the h can still be seen directly on this copula. Though nowhere else.
That said, there are a number of exceedingly common nouns that start with voiced stops, z, or l in their present/infinitive forms. Such as
boohla - [ˈboːɬʌ] - to bring
lagzaã - [lʌˈgzɑ̃ː] - to be able to (can)
zaarma - [ˈzɑːɾ.mʌ] - to walk.
In these, the old prefix can still be felt, however, it is not with the addition of a sound, but by an effect of consonant fortition on the consonant. In the romanization, this is indicated with the new consonant being placed at the start of the present form without the removal of the old.
pboohla - [ˈpʰoːɬʌ] - brought
hllagzaã - [ɬʌˈgzɑ̃ː] - Was able to (could)
szaarma - [ˈsɑːɾ.mʌ] - Walked
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