Phonology
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Everything Ngkaltcni phonology
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 12 Mar 2017, 16:38.
[comments] piesoundchangesnkc
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Sound Changes:
m: m, mr before rhotic, nl
n: n, ng especially before or after velar, nl, !
p: p, b, mr, !
bʰ: b, p, bh, b7, mr, !, !7
t: t, d, dl,
d: d, t, dl
dʰ: d, t, dl, d7, t7, dl7
Sound Occurence
Clicks- only at the beginning of words and in compound words
Y- never at beginning
H, 7- never at end, never before consonant without after vowel
Allophony
Because writing this here is easier than PhoMo rules.
Vowels are either long (æ:,e:,o:) or short (ʊ,ə,ɪ).
At the beginning of a word, ɪ and ʊ become i and u.
When doubled, ɪ and ʊ becomes ɪ: and ʊ:, and ə becomes əˑ (that's a half-long sign)
When doubled, æ:,e:,o: becomes æ̃::,ẽ::,õ::
A vowel not already nasalised becomes nasal before a nasal, except for the schwa, which never nasalizes.
When between two voiceless consonants, long vowels shorten.
Short vowels, normally long vowels, and shortened normally long vowels become breathy voiced before an h or 7.
ɹ is an allophone of intervocalic r.
N and l get palatalised before j, h, or 7.
In double vowels, the first vowel becomes a consonant only in speech
a-7
e-j
i-w
o-h
u-w
y-silent
Stress
I use ' and , for primary and secondary stress. There are a few rules, but a lot of exceptions.
Click syllables tend to be stressed
Endings are not stressed
Stress tends to fall towards the beginning
In compound words, an element that the compound can be considered part of is stressed more than the other, generally.
Syllables with h or 7 are rarely stressed.
Sentence-level stress:
Verbs get most stress, except for some verbs, which are never stressed. Those are:
be
Adjectives are heavily stressed when functioning as adverbs, but minimized when functioning as adjectives.
Conjunctions tend to be ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article
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