Modrascan [MODRA]
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Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 10 April 2023
Language type
A posteriori
Place & SpeakersModrascan is spoken by a population of 45,300 in Modraskia.
Species
Human/humanoid
About Modrascan
Modrascan (obsolete spelling "Modraskan"; in Modrascan, "modrasko" [mɔˈdɾɐs.kɔ]) is the official and main language of Modraskia. It is a minority language among small communities in neighbouring countries (Slovenia, Italy and Austria), as well as by the Modrascan diaspora. In Italy, it is recognised as an official language in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, and the language has maintained a strong presence in Friulian Slavia for centuries. In Slovenia, it is not recognised as a co-official language.
Modrascan is part of the Eastern Romance sub-branch of Romance languages, though it is distinct from Romanian and its closest relatives, Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian. This, along with the heavy influence from Slavic languages, has led to some controvery regarding its classification. Indeed, when analysing the degree of differentiation of Romance languages from Latin (comparing phonology, inflection, discourse, syntax, vocabulary, and intonation), Modrascan scored a percentage of 48%, placing it farther away from Latin than any major Romance language, including Romanian (23.5%) and French (44%). The lexical similarity of Modrascan with Romanian has been estimated at 68%, followed by Italian at 57%, followed by French at 55%, Sardinian 54%, Catalan 53%, Portuguese and Rhaeto-Romance 52%, Spanish 51%. The Modrascan vocabulary became predominantly influenced by Italian, Slovene and, to a lesser extent, German in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, while Slovak and Czech had a major influence in the twentieth century.
Slavic influence on Modrascan is especially noticeable in its vocabulary and syntax, with words of Slavic origin constituting about 30–35% of modern Modrascan lexicon, and with further influences in its phonetics and morphology. The greater part of its Slavic vocabulary comes from Slovene, Slovak, and Old Church Slavonic, which was the official written language of the Modrascan Principality from the 14th to the 18th century.
Modrascan is part of the Eastern Romance sub-branch of Romance languages, though it is distinct from Romanian and its closest relatives, Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian. This, along with the heavy influence from Slavic languages, has led to some controvery regarding its classification. Indeed, when analysing the degree of differentiation of Romance languages from Latin (comparing phonology, inflection, discourse, syntax, vocabulary, and intonation), Modrascan scored a percentage of 48%, placing it farther away from Latin than any major Romance language, including Romanian (23.5%) and French (44%). The lexical similarity of Modrascan with Romanian has been estimated at 68%, followed by Italian at 57%, followed by French at 55%, Sardinian 54%, Catalan 53%, Portuguese and Rhaeto-Romance 52%, Spanish 51%. The Modrascan vocabulary became predominantly influenced by Italian, Slovene and, to a lesser extent, German in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, while Slovak and Czech had a major influence in the twentieth century.
Slavic influence on Modrascan is especially noticeable in its vocabulary and syntax, with words of Slavic origin constituting about 30–35% of modern Modrascan lexicon, and with further influences in its phonetics and morphology. The greater part of its Slavic vocabulary comes from Slovene, Slovak, and Old Church Slavonic, which was the official written language of the Modrascan Principality from the 14th to the 18th century.
Sample of Modrascan[view] "[...] E, takže, toto vyslanec di tak-dito 'Božke Flažeľo' venì ad [mestka] pôrta, e demandò če řozobrěmo fari maťonni po maťonni. Ale adpunt, dikǎrò če štava prestrato na ałgustka maňificǎ di [planote], e prisagè ňe disturbàr ani to ani mesto akse vygobǎmo sǔ sôje demandě. Akome inkontravam sa kostrilito medzi mô dôvero voči Řoma e ...[view all texts]
Language family relationships
Language treeItalic
⤷ Italic
⤷ Latino-Faliscan
⤷
Latin
⤷ Vulgar Latin
⤷ Eastern Romance
⤷ Highlander
⤷
Modrascan
⤷ Italic
⤷ Latino-Faliscan
⤷
Latin⤷ Vulgar Latin
⤷ Eastern Romance
⤷ Highlander
⤷
ModrascanPhonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Alveolar | Post- Alveolar | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | Glottal | Other | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | [ɱ]1 | n | ɲ | [ŋ]2 | |||||||||||||
| Plosive | p | b | t | d | c | ɟ | k | g | ||||||||||
| Fricative | f | v | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ç | (h) | ||||||||||
| Affricate | t͡s | d͡z | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | ||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | ʎ | ɫ | ||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | j | (ʍ) | w | |||||||||||||||
| Trill | r | |||||||||||||||||
| Flap | ɾ | |||||||||||||||||
| Blends | vv | k͡s | ttʃ |
- allophone of /m/
- allophone of /n/
| Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
| Close | i iʲ ʷiʲ ʷi | u ʲu | ||||
| Close-mid | e ʲe ʷe | |||||
| Open-mid | ɔ ʲɔ ʷɔ | |||||
| Near-open | ɐ ʲɐ ʷɐ | |||||
Stress informationMost of the time, the penultimate syllable is stressed. But if the stressed vowel is on the final syllable of the word, a grave accent ⟨◌̀⟩ is mandatory. If the vowel is iotised or prelabialised, the diacritic (⟨◌̌⟩ for the former and ⟨◌̂⟩ for the latter) is replaced with a preceding semivowel, ⟨j⟩ and ⟨ł⟩ respectively; for example "you accentuate" is "aczentâš", but "to accentuate" is spelled "aczentłàr"; [ɐtˈt͡ʃen.tʷɐʃ] vs. [ɐt.t͡ʃenˈtwɐɾ].
Certain adverbs are formed with the -mènť suffix. When their root has many syllables and has an early stressed syllable, this syllable has (unmarked) secondary stress. Example: ałtomatikamènť (automatically) is [ɐw.tɔˌmɐ.ti.kɐˈmenc].
Marking stress is otherwise virtually always omitted. Exceptions are typically found in dictionaries, where all or most stressed vowels are commonly marked.
Certain adverbs are formed with the -mènť suffix. When their root has many syllables and has an early stressed syllable, this syllable has (unmarked) secondary stress. Example: ałtomatikamènť (automatically) is [ɐw.tɔˌmɐ.ti.kɐˈmenc].
Marking stress is otherwise virtually always omitted. Exceptions are typically found in dictionaries, where all or most stressed vowels are commonly marked.
OtherBetween two vowels, or between a vowel and an approximant (/j, w/) or a liquid (/ɫ, r, ɾ/), some consonants can be both singleton or geminated. Geminated consonants shorten the preceding vowel (or block phonetic lengthening) and the first geminated element is unreleased. For example, compare "kopǎ" [ˈkɔːpʲɐ] ("the copy") with "koppǎ" [ˈkɔp.pʲɐ] ("the couple"). This can occur with the consonants /b/, /f/, /g/, /k/, /m/, /n/, /p/, and /v/. Some consonants produce a similar effect: ⟨cz⟩ is [t.t͡ʃ] and ⟨tc⟩ is [t.t͡s].
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Modrascan. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
| ModrascanOrthography [edit] | ||||||||
| Aa a /ɐ/ | Bb bej /b/ | Cc cej /t͡s/ | Čč makke cej /t͡ʃ/ | Dd dej /d/ | Ďď makke dej /ɟ/ | Ee e /e/ | Ff efi /f/ | Gg egi /g/ |
| Hh ha /h/1 | Ii i /i/ | Jj ǒta /j/ | Kk kappa /k/ | Ll eli /ɫ/ | Ľľ makke eli /ʎ/ | Łł ełi /w/ | Mm emi /m/ | Nn eni /n/ |
| Ňň makke eni /ɲ/ | Oo o /ɔ/ | Pp pej /p/ | Qq kô /ʍ/2 | Rr eri /ɾ/ | Řř makke eri /r/ | Ss esi /s/ | Šš makke esi /ʃ/ | Tt tej /t/ |
| Ťť makke tej /c/ | Uu u /u/ | Vv vej /v/ | Ww ewi /vv/ | Xx exi /k͡s/ | Yy ypsilon /iʲ/ | Zz zej /z/ | Žž makke zej /ʒ/ | |
| ✔ Shown in correct order [change] | ||||||||
- loan words only
- loan words only
