Forming Sentences in UNN
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Word order and various other things that arise
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 12 Jan 2016, 16:23.
[comments] unnsentences
2. UNN Adjectives
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3. UNN Derivation
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5. UNN Phonology
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6. UNN Prepositions
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7. UNN Pronouns
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8. UNN Translations
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UNN has generally free word order, although it tends to be SV. The indirect object of ditransitive verbs always immediately follows the verb, though, as it's marked for absolutive case and there's no other way to tell whether it's the direct or indirect object. If the direct object has been incorporated, then context generally is going to disambiguate.Questions asking where and when can be formed simply by inserting "where" and "when" into the locative slot of a verb.
Nilaadwagami?
ni-
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument- laadwa-
eat- kami
where
Where did they eat?
Nilaadwaqelas?
ni-
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument- laadwa-
eat- qelas
when
When did they eat?
Other yes-no questions use the interrogative particle tee, which is either placed at the end of the sentence (neutral position) or to focus on a particular aspect of the sentence.
Komelaadwa tee?
kome-
2Second person (person)
addressee (you).SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument- laadwa
eat tee
QInterrogative
question
Did you eat?
El shaveeluqhiiv tee?
el
woman sha-
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent>3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument- veel-
meat- uqhiiv
eat tee
QInterrogative
question
Did the woman eat the meat?
(Answer: Mak, shalaadwa. (yes, ate))
Tee el shaveeluqhiiv?
tee
QInterrogative
question el
woman sha-
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent>3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument- veel-
meat- uqhiiv
eat
Did the woman eat the meat?
(Answer: Mak, vela shalaadwa. (yes, she ate))
El shauqhiiv tee veelmet?
el
woman sha-
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent>3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument- uqhiiv
eat tee
QInterrogative
question veel-
meat- met
ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument
Did the woman eat the meat?
(Answer: Mak, shaveeluqhiiv. (yes, she meat-ate))
Weather sentences are formed in the following pattern:
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PROGProgressive (aspect)
be verb-ing-[type of weather]-do, optionally it can be weather-ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument 3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PROGProgressive (aspect)
be verb-ing-[type of weather]-do
Njansedakeda.
ni-
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity- jan-
PROGProgressive (aspect)
be verb-ing- sedak-
sky- eda
do
It is clear.
Njankeemshada.
ni-
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity- jan-
PROGProgressive (aspect)
be verb-ing- keemsha-
rain- eda
do
It is rainy/raining.
Njanogawedadenl.
ni-
3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity- jan-
PROGProgressive (aspect)
be verb-ing- mogaw-
heat- eda-
do- tenl
DIMDiminutive
a smaller, lesser, weaker etc. version
It is warm (=a little hot).
Similarly to the weather, emotions are also expressed with eda "do".
Chamosheda.
ke-
1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent>2Second person (person)
addressee (you).SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument jan-
PROGProgressive (aspect)
be verb-ing- mosha-
hatred- eda
do
I hate you.
'anqjesada.
'a-
1First person (person)
speaker, signer, etc; I.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ERGErgative (case)
TRANS subject; agent>3Third person (person)
neither speaker nor addressee.SGSingular (number)
one countable entity.ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument jan-
PROGProgressive (aspect)
be verb-ing- qjesa-
danger- eda
do
I am intimidating it/him/her, I am feeling intimidating toward it/him/her.
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