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Proto-Suvoon -> Dialect X
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This private article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 25 Mar 2016, 03:15.

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Menu 1. To Derive Misu

[edit] [top]To Derive Misu

  1. /s/ beside a voiced consonant (e.g. /b d g m n l/) becomes /z/
  2. Before voiceless and glottal consonants, vowels take a high tone; before voiced and sonorant consonants, /ə/, or word-finally, they take a low tone. Final clusters such as /lt, nt, lk, nk/, which end in a voiceless consonant, cause a high tone; word-medially, e.g. */alka/ would become */àlkà/, but */alkka/ -> /álkà/. The tone from this stage is kept through all subsequent changes.
  3. Loss of stops in final NC clusters /lt, nt, lk, nk, lp, mp/
  4. Ungeminated stops /(p, b), (t, d), (k, g)/ lenit into /v, ð, h/ between two vowels, losing their voicing distinction.
  5. Intervocalically or beside a voiced consonant, non-geminate /s/ > /z/
  6. All geminate consonants become plain.
  7. Before a front vowel /e e: i i:/, /k g/ -> /tʃ dʒ/, introducing <c j>. This process is blocked by intervening consonants, so that e.g. *akli > *akli but *ki > *ci.
  8. All stops and affricates immediately following a nasal or /l/ are voiced, e.g. /ónto/ > /óndo/.
  9. Loss of ungeminated glottal stops. Geminate glottal stops -> ungeminated /k/. Consonants that were next to a glottal stop are now geminate.
  10. High tone is "contagious." In newly-created diphthongs where a now-nonsyllabic vowel once carried high tone, high tone will moves onto a diphthong's nucleus (e.g. */kíʔa/ > */ki̯á/).
  11. Word-final stops devoice.
  12. After front high vowels /e e: i i:/, /t d/ -> /tʃ dʒ/. This process is blocked by other consonants, so that *ilta > ilta but *ita > *ica.
  13. /e/ becomes /ə/
  14. Vowels next to a schwa cannibalize that schwa and become long vowels, e.g. /əi/ -> /i:/ or /aə/ -> /a:/.
  15. MIDDLE SUVOON
  16. Intervocalic /d/ > /ɾ/, introducing <r>.
  17. In the coda, /z/ > /ɾ/.
  18. Before another syllable, short /a/ with low tone reduces to schwa /ə/.
  19. Schwas with high tone /ə́/ become /í/.
  20. Loss of all schwas /ə/. Syllabic nasals and laterals take their place in many instances, and take on the tone of the deleted vowel. Where the loss results in a totally invalid cluster, e.g. a whole word */kt/, /ə/ becomes /a/.
  21. Coda /h ð/ make the preceding vowel long if possible, and then are deleted, e.g. */paht/ -> */pa:t/ and */gað/ -> /ga:/.
  22. All instances of /h/ are lost.
  23. After /n/, /ð/ becomes /d/. Beside any other consonant, /ð/ becomes /z/; all remaining /ð/ become /d/, e.g. *aða > *ada, *anða > *anda, and gðuu > gzuu.
  24. /ŋ/ merges with /n/ to form /n/, pronounced [ŋ] only before /k g/.
  25. Any new geminate consonants introduced by the loss of /ə/ become plain.
  26. Long /o:, e:/ become /ua, ia/
  27. /ɔ/ raises to /u/
  28. Long/short vowel distinction lost entirely; long vowels simplify, /a:, i:, u:/ -> /a, i, u/

Recent, Still Active:
  1. The sequences /ti di si/ before another vowel become /tʃ dʒ ʃ/, and when /tʃ dʒ ʃ/ is followed by /ia io iu/ they -> /a o u/.
  2. Stopping of affricates following a sibilant fricative: The sequences /stʃ, ʃtʃ/ become /ʃt/ and /sdʒ, ʃdʒ/ become /ʃd/. (E.g. orthographic *asca > *ashta and *ashja > *ashda).


The final change means that sequences such as *tia, *dia are not possible. Because of the order in which changes occur, /h/ does not appear at the end of words in Suvoon, but voiced stops do, although they do not correlate directly with the tone found on the vowel preceding them as they did in the early evolution of the language.
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