Derivational Affixes of Yungchangese
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This private article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 28 Feb 2019, 09:35.
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The preceding -i or -a in the previous syllable are often dropped when a suffix is added
- agent: -il
- patient: -in
- instrumental: -aj
- other concrete: -am
- source: -til(e.g. mix "water" > mixtil "spring")
- location: -ix/-x
- time: -min
- abstract: -ix/-x
- action/result: -it/-t
- container: -it/-t(e.g. putz "air" > putzit "balloon")
- collective: sa-
- aggregate: -ix/-x
- de-/un- : p-/pi-
- (causative): h-/hi-
- ("to become")(dynamic marking): va-
- ("to use/hold"): k-/ki-
- ("to take/catch"): l-/li-
- ("to insert/to make sth. in"): ni-/n-
- ("to emit/to make sth. out"): tzi-/tz-
- ("to pave/to cast/")/en-: chi-/ch-
- re-: xa-
Spatial prefix:
- V in: m-
- V out: il-
- V up: t-
- V down: na-
- V off: p-
- V around/V by: av-
- V forth: itz-
- V back: aj-
- V on: a-
- to-: ka-
- -ed(patient, complete): -an
- -ed(agent, complete): -ij/-j
- -ing(progressive): -ip/-p
- -ive/-some(tendency): -al
- -y/-ful/-ed(having, having a lot or being covered by): -al(e.g. saan "knowledge" > saanal "knowledgable")
- -al/-ic/-ical/-ish/-ly(of or pertaining to): -ar
- -less: m-...-al(e.g. txaam "person" > mitxaamal "unpopulated,
adverbializer: -an
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