Ukamayan Phonology: view article

« Back to Articles » Journal

Ukamayan Phonology

▲

1▲ 1 ▼ 0

This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 30 Apr 2020, 21:53.

[comments] ioo Kyolang (6 articles)

1. Derivational affixes

2. Ukamayan grammar

3. Ukamayan numbers

4. Ukamayan Phonology

5. Ukamayan Phonology

6. Ukamayan registers

+ Write new article in Kyolang

Menu 1. Inventory 2. Phonotactics 3. Stress 4. Pitch Accent

[top]Inventory

Consonants

	Labial	Alveolar	Velar	Glottal
Stop		t t	k k	ʔ '
Nasal	m m		ŋ g
Fricative	f f	s s		h h
Rhotic		ɺ r

/t/ and /s/ become [t͡ɕ] and [ɕ] respectively before /i/.
The nasals /m/ and /ŋ/ may be pronounced as fricative nasals [β̃] and [ɣ̃]

Vowels

	Front	Back
High	i i	o o
Mid	e e	o o
Low	a a

The sequence /io/ may be realized as [ɯ:] in colloquial speech.
/i/ is devoiced to [i̥] between unvoiced consonants.
vowels tend to nasalize after the glottal consonants /h/ and /ʔ/

[top]Phonotactics

The syllable structure in Ukamayan is (C)V, where C is a consonant and V is a vowel.

[top]Stress

Stress falls on the first syllable of a word, except if the word begins with a clitic. If so, stress falls on the first syllable after the clitic.

[top]Pitch Accent

There are two different accents in Ukamayan, high accent and low accent. Words take accents on the syllable with stress, but if the word where the stress is in the antepenultimate syllable or earlier, there is an accent on the last syllable as well. The accent on the stressed syllable spreads and makes the following syllable high, and the accent on the last syllable makes the preavious syllable the opposite of itself.

Low accent is the default on the stressed syllable, and high accent is marked by a macron. However, on the last syllable, high accent is the default, and low accent is marked by a macron on the previous syllable. The possible combinations are shown in the following table, where L means low, H means high and the accented syllables are marked with bold:

		Final stress		Penultimate stress		Antepenultimate stress		Stress before the antepenult
↓ Stress accent	Final accent →	High	Low	High	Low	High	Low	High	Low
Low		...ˈH		...ˈLH		...ˈLLH	...ˈLHL	...ˈLH...LH	...ˈLH...HL
High		...ˈH		...ˈHL		...ˈHHL		...ˈHH...LH	...ˈHH...HL (...ˈHHLL)

Comments