Cuca [GQM]
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Cuca
Ćuøca [c͡ç̩ʼᶣkʰa]*
CucaĆuøca [c͡ç̩ʼᶣkʰa]*
Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 2 September 2020
Language type
A priori
Species
Human/humanoid
Sample of CucaCan't find any yet.
Phonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | Glottal | Other | ||||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||||||||||||||
| Plosive | p p̟̩ʼ1 pʼ2 p̩ʼʷ3 p̩ʼˢ4 p̩ʼ5 pʰ | t6 tʼ7 t̩ʼ8 tʰ | ʈ̩ʼʷ9 | c̩ʼ10 | k kʼ k̩ʼʷ11 k̩ʼ kʰ | [ʔ]12 ʔ̩ʷ13 ʔ̩ᶣ14 ʔ̩ʲ15 ʔ̩16 | ||||||||||||||
| Fricative | [ɸ]17 | [f]18 | s [s̩]19 | [ç̩]20 | [x]21 | h [h̩]22 | ||||||||||||||
| Affricate | t͡s̩ʼ23 | ʈ͡ʂ̩ʼʷ24 | c͡ç̩ʼᶣ | |||||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l25 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | [ʍ̩]26 | [ɥ̩̊]27 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Click | ǀ̩ˀ | ǃ28 ǃˀ ǃ̩ˀ ǃ̃ ǃʰ | ‼̩ˀʷ | ǂ̩ᶣ | ||||||||||||||||
- glottalized; lips are inward, makes a distinct popping sound.
- lips unstressed; reminiscent of [p], not a popping sound.
- generally fricated; highly protruded lips
- glottalized [pɕ]; p often has slight trill.
- lips are flat; may be a slight affricate.
- dental
- dental
- dental
- apical
- may be affricated
- usually post-velar, occasionally uvualar
- vowel hiatus
- Alters consonant quality: pʷ, tʷ, kʷ
- Alters consonant quality: tsʷ, cʷ; p unaltered
- alters consonant quality: ps, ts, c
- after explosive consonants only; alters labial to a popping noise
- most likely syllabic
- most likely syllabic
- most likely syllabic
- after a vowel hiatus stop (inc. voiceless), fricative and aspirated consonant, allophone of /ʔ̩ʲ/
- most likely syllabic
- after a vowel hiatus stop (inc. voiceless), fricative and aspirated consonant, allophone of /ʔ̩/
- laminal or dental
- apical
- may be a tap
- after a vowel hiatus stop (inc. voiceless), fricative and aspirated consonant; rounded pharyngeal, allophone of /ʔ̩ʷ/
- after a vowel hiatus stop (inc. voiceless), fricative and aspirated consonant, allophone of /ʔ̩ᶣ/
- voiceless velar release
| Vowels | Front | Near- back | Back | |||
| Close | i | |||||
| Near-close | ʊ1 | |||||
| Open-mid | ɔ | |||||
| Open | a | |||||
- more accurately a central rounded vowel
Syllable StructureCV
OtherCuca has six vowel registers: high, mid, low, mid breathy/lax, low(/long) breathy, and voiceless. Voiceless vowels are extraordinarily common, comprising of at least a third of all vowels, and are particularly prominent in common words. They are truly voiceless vowels or, more often, fricatives after aspirated consonants and other vowels (including other voiceless vowels), but merge with ejective and plain consonants to form the stressed syllabic ejectives (or ejective + glottal stop combinations, depending on how one analyzes them). Plain stops are often voiced before breathy/lax vowels; glottal consonants may turn breathy vowels into slightly strident vowels.
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Cuca. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
 CucaOrthography [edit] | |||||||||
| '// | Aa/a/ | Bb/p/ | Cc/kʰ/ | Ćć/kʼ/ | ĆIØ ćiø/c̩ʼ/1 | ĆOØ ćoø/k̩ʼʷ/2 | ĆUØ ćuø/c͡ç̩ʼᶣ/ | ĆØ ćø/k̩ʼ/ | Dd/t/3 |
| Gg/k/ | Hh/h/ | Ii/i/ | IØ iø/ʔ̩ʲ/4, [ç̩]5 | Ll/l/6 | Mm/m/ | Nn/n/ | NG ng/ŋ/ | NQ nq/ǃ̃/ | Oo/ɔ/ |
| OØ oø/ʔ̩ʷ/7, [ʍ̩]8 | Ṕṕ/pʼ/9 | Pp/pʰ/ | ṔIØ ṕiø/p̩ʼˢ/10 | ṔOØ ṕoø/p̩ʼʷ/11 | ṔUØ ṕuø/p̩ʼ/12 | ṔØ ṕø/p̟̩ʼ/13 | Qq/ǃ/14 | Q́ q́/ǃˀ/ | Q́IØ q́iø/ǀ̩ˀ/ |
| Q́OØ q́oø/‼̩ˀʷ/ | Q́UØ q́uø/ǂ̩ᶣ/ | Q́Ø q́ø/ǃ̩ˀ/ | Ss/s/ | SIØ siø[s̩]15 | SOØ soø[ɸ]16 | SUØ suø[f]17 | SØ sø[x]18 | Tt/tʰ/ | Ťť/tʼ/19 |
| ŤIØ ťiø/t͡s̩ʼ/20 | ŤOØ ťoø/ʈ̩ʼʷ/21 | ŤUØ ťuø/ʈ͡ʂ̩ʼʷ/22 | ŤØ ťø/t̩ʼ/23 | Uu/ʊ/24 | UØ uø/ʔ̩ᶣ/25, [ɥ̩̊]26 | Xx/ǃʰ/ | Øø/ʔ̩/27, [h̩]28 | ||
| ✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change] | |||||||||
- may be affricated
- usually post-velar, occasionally uvualar
- dental
- alters consonant quality: ps, ts, c
- after a vowel hiatus stop (inc. voiceless), fricative and aspirated consonant
- may be a tap
- Alters consonant quality: pʷ, tʷ, kʷ
- after a vowel hiatus stop (inc. voiceless), fricative and aspirated consonant; rounded pharyngeal
- lips unstressed; reminiscent of [p], not a popping sound.
- glottalized [pɕ]; p often has slight trill.
- generally fricated; highly protruded lips
- lips are flat; may be a slight affricate.
- glottalized; lips are inward, makes a distinct popping sound.
- voiceless velar release
- most likely syllabic
- most likely syllabic
- most likely syllabic
- most likely syllabic
- dental
- laminal or dental
- apical
- apical
- dental
- more accurately a central rounded vowel
- Alters consonant quality: tsʷ, cʷ; p unaltered
- after a vowel hiatus stop (inc. voiceless), fricative and aspirated consonant
- after explosive consonants only; alters labial to a popping noise
- after a vowel hiatus stop (inc. voiceless), fricative and aspirated consonant
