Ut'ȧq' [UTQ]
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Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 21 October 2016
Language type
Artistic Language (Artlang)
Species
Human/humanoid
About Ut'ȧq'
Spoken by a nomadic people called the Q'ǁ'at'u who inhabit the savannah regions around the Blue Desert. The Q'ǁ'at'u are members of a sapient species descended from protorosaurs.
Ut'ȧq's phonology is...complicated, and the grammar even more so. The grammar is principally a blend of Tripartite, Split-Ergative and Fluid-S, with nouns declined for 18 cases, including a contrast between volitional and non-volitional agents, and a further split regarding transivity, meaning there are 3 possible agent marking cases: nominative/patientive, ergative and agentive. There's also grammatically induced consonant mutation as well as sensory evidentiality in the past tense (plus hearsay, inferential and quotative particles that are actually grammaticalised verbs) that is part of a fusional verb system that also encodes mood, person and tense.
Other notes:
Ut'ȧq's phonology is...complicated, and the grammar even more so. The grammar is principally a blend of Tripartite, Split-Ergative and Fluid-S, with nouns declined for 18 cases, including a contrast between volitional and non-volitional agents, and a further split regarding transivity, meaning there are 3 possible agent marking cases: nominative/patientive, ergative and agentive. There's also grammatically induced consonant mutation as well as sensory evidentiality in the past tense (plus hearsay, inferential and quotative particles that are actually grammaticalised verbs) that is part of a fusional verb system that also encodes mood, person and tense.
Other notes:
- Future tense arose as an extension, and subsequent re-evaluation, of the original optative mood.
- Future tense uses a secondary form of the benefactive case to mark a volitional agent.
- The ergative and agentive are conflated in the desiderative and potential moods.
- Motion verbs constitute a separate class and may take a number of affixes that mark the direction, speed and form of travel
- A wide array of affixes, many derived from older nouns or verbs that have become grammaticalised, such as -et'u (to carry by hand) - derived from an old word for palm.
- Primarily suffixing
- Compound nouns are linked by case and an epenthetic particle a
- A distinction between possession and relation with regard to nouns, reflected through use of either genitive or ornative
E.g: the man's arm (GEN) BUT the man's mother (ORN) - Male-Female gender distinction in both second and third person pronouns.
- Animate-Inanimate genders on nouns.
Sample of Ut'ȧq'Can't find any yet.
Language family relationships
Language treeQ'aatiin
⤷
Proto-Q'aatii
⤷ Old Desert Q'aatiin
⤷
Ut'ȧq'
⤷
Proto-Q'aatii⤷ Old Desert Q'aatiin
⤷
Ut'ȧq'[view] About Q'aatiinA family of languages spoken by the Q'aatii, a species of sapient, bipedal protorosaur descendants native to an alternate Earth where the Great Dying never happened. Characterised by large consonant and vowel inventories, lots of clicks and complex c...
Phonology
| Consonants | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Epiglottal | Glottal | |||||||||
| Plosive | t̪ t̪ʼ t̪: | ȶ ȶʼ | c cʼ c: | ɟ | qʼ qˀ q: qˤ | ɢ ɢ̆1 | ʡ ʡˀ | |||||||||||
| Fricative | θʼ θ: | z z: | [ʂ]2 | [ʐ]3 | ɕ ɕʼ | ʑ | ç ç: | ʝ | x | [ɣ]4 | [χ]5 | [ʁ]6 | ʢ7 ʢ:8 | [h] | ||||
| Affricate | t̪͡θʼ | d͡z d͡z: | t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ | c͡ç | ɟ͡ʝ | k͡x k͡xʼ | q͡χ q͡χʼ q͡χ: q͡χˤ | ɢ͡ʁ ɢ͡ʁˤ | ||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | [ʎ]9 | |||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | ɻ | |||||||||||||||||
| Trill | ʀ ʀ̥ | |||||||||||||||||
| Click | ǀ ǀʼ ǀˀ ǀˤ | ǃ ǃʼ ǃˀ ǃˤ | ǁ ǁʼ ǁˀ ǁˤ | ǂ ǂʼ ǂˀ ǂˤ | ||||||||||||||
| Implosive | ʄ | ʛ̥ | ||||||||||||||||
| Blends | ǀɢʁ ǀɢʁˤ | ǀqχ ǀqχʼ ǀqχˤ | ǂɢʁ ǂɢʁˤ | ǂ͡q ǂ͡qʼ ǂ͡qˀ ǂ͡qˤ | ǂ͡ʝ | ǁ͡ɢ | ǀ͡ɢ | ǀ͡q ǀ͡qʼ ǀ͡qˀ ǀ͡qˤ | ǃ͡ɢ | ç͡θ ç͡θʼ |
| ǃɢʁ ǃɢʁˤ | ǃqχ ǃqχʼ ǃqχˤ | ǃ͡q ǃ͡qʼ ǃ͡qˀ ǃ͡qˤ | ǂ͡ɢ | ǁ͡ʑ | ǁqχ ǁqχʼ ǁqχˤ | ǂ͡ç | ǂqχ ǂqχʼ ǂqχˤ | ǁɢʁ ǁɢʁˤ | ǁ͡q ǁ͡qʼ ǁ͡qˀ ǁ͡qˤ | |
| ǁ͡ɕ ǁ͡ɕʼ | ǀ͡θʼ10 |
- Voiced uvular flap
- Touching front vowels or rhotics, allophone of /x/
- Touching a fricative, allophone of /ɻ/
- Before /ɨ ɨ: ɯ/, allophone of /ɻ/
- Touching uvulars or creaky vowels, allophone of /x/
- Touching uvulars or creaky vowels (except for /ḭ/), allophone of /ɻ/
- Voiced epiglottal trill
- Voiced epiglottal trill
- Before /i i:/, allophone of /ɻ/
- A high-pitched squealing sound + click perhaps more accurately described as a fricated click.
| Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
| Close | i ḭ i: | ɨ ɨ̰ ɨ: | ɯ ɯ̰ | |||
| Close-mid | ɤ ɤ̰ | |||||
| Mid | ə ə̰ ə: | |||||
| Open-mid | ɛ ɛ̰ ɛ:: ɛ: | |||||
| Near-open | æ æ̰ æ:: æ: | ɐ ɐ̰ ɐ:: ɐ: | ||||
| Polyphthongs | ɨ͡ʀ | æ͡ʀ | ə͡ʀ | i͡ʀ | ɤ͡ʀ | ɐ͡ʀ | ɛ͡ʀ | ɯ͡ʀ |
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Ut'ȧq'. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
| Ut'ȧq'Orthography [edit] | ||||||||||
| Aa/æ/ | Ȧȧ/ɐ/ | Ǡǡ/ɐ̰/ | Āā/æ̰/ | Cc/c/ | CH ch/c͡ç/ | Dd/d͡z/ | Ėė/ɨ/ | Ee/ɛ/ | Ēē/ɛ̰/ | Ė̄ ė̄/ɨ̰/ |
| Ġġ/ʛ̥/ | Gg/ɢ/ | GṘ gṙ/ɢ͡ʁ/ | G̣ g̣/ɢ̆/1 | Hh/ç/ | HṪ hṫ/ç͡θ/ | Ii/i/ | Īī/ḭ/ | Jj/ʝ/ | KX kx/k͡x/ | Ll/ɻ/, [ɣ]2, [ʐ]3, [ʁ]4, [ʎ]5 |
| Oo/ɤ/ | Ōō/ɤ̰/ | Q' q'/qʼ/ | QẊ qẋ/q͡χ/ | Rr/ʀ/ | Ṛṛ/ʀ̥/ | Ss/ɕ/ | Ṭṭ/ȶ/ | Tt/t̪/ | Ṫ' ṫ'/θʼ/ | TS ts/t͡ɕ/ |
| Ūū/ə̰/ | Uu/ə/ | U̇ u̇/ɯ/ | U̇̄ u̇̄/ɯ̰/ | Xx/x/, [χ]6, [ʂ]7 | Zz/z/ | Żż/ʑ/ | |/ǀ/ | ǁ/ǁ/ | ǂ/ǂ/ | ǃ/ǃ/ |
| Ɉɉ/ʄ/ | ɟ/ɟ/ | ɟJ ɟj/ɟ͡ʝ/ | ʔ// | ʕ// | ʡ/ʡ/ | ʢ/ʢ/8 | ||||
| ✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change] | ||||||||||
- Voiced uvular flap
- Before /ɨ ɨ: ɯ/
- Touching a fricative
- Touching uvulars or creaky vowels (except for /ḭ/)
- Before /i i:/
- Touching uvulars or creaky vowels
- Touching front vowels or rhotics
- Voiced epiglottal trill
Latest 8 related articles listed below.
Ut'ȧq' Sound Changes 28-Sep-17 21:23
Evolution of Consonant Mutation 08-Sep-17 22:23
Verbs
I herd you liek fusional
02-Sep-17 13:02Cases
All 18 of them!
28-Aug-17 18:43Consonant Mutation and Sandhi 22-Aug-17 21:55
