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Pronouns & Animate Nouns
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7. Tefiko Ếldrice
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Lesson TwoPronouns & Animate Nouns
In Sindielic, pronouns may be plural or singular and decline into one of three cases; that means that its role in the sentence is marked by the pronoun's ending. The cases they may decline into are nominative (the subject of a sentence/the default form), accusative (the object of a sentence), and possessive (the possessor of something, like my, your, etc.). Accusative and English's objective case (me, him, her, etc.) differ in that objective is used after a preposition (eg to him), while accusative is only used to mark direct objects.
Sindielic pronouns may be first person (I, me), second person (you), or third person (he, she, him, her, it). Unlike English, Sindielic does not distinguish between gender in the third person. The Pronouns are shown below:
| First Person | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Accusative | Possessive | |
| Singular | Qua | Qual | Quae |
| Plural | Que | Quel | |
| Second Person | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Accusative | Possessive | |
| Singular | Tê | Têl | Têth |
| Plural | Te | Tel | |
| Third Person | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Accusative | Possessive | |
| Singular | Anda | Andal | Andae |
| Plural | Ande | Andel | |
Nouns also decline into various cases, though they may be declined into 4 cases: nominative, accusative, genitive (more or less like using of or like 's in English, eg of the animal/the animal's), and locative (meaning 'in, on, or at', eg at home). They may also be singular or plural.
Sindielic nouns also decline differently depending on their grammatical gender, similar to European languages like Latin. However, unlike Latin, these 'genders' aren't male, female, or neuter/neutral; they're animate, inanimate, and neuter. Animate nouns (-a nouns) are mostly animals and some abstract nouns that change or have life-like characteristics. Inanimate nouns (-o nouns) are the biggest group and are mostly made up of objects and abstract nouns. Neuter nouns (-ao nouns) are rare and mainly used when one doesn't know whether something is alive or not and for other ambiguities. In this lesson, you're learning about animate nouns. Declension for animate nouns is shown below:
| Animate Nouns | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Accusative | Genitive | Locative | |
| Singular | -a | -el | -ae | -an |
| Plural | -i | -ia | -in | |
Here is an example noun, sethra (animal), declined:
| Sethr- | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Accusative | Genitive | Locative | |
| Singular | sethra | sethrel | sethrae | sethran |
| Plural | sethri | sethria | sethrin | |
You've probably noticed some patterns in declension. Those patterns are quite uniform throughout the declensions (including pronouns) and can be pretty helpful for memorisation. The general pattern is shown below. These patterns are valid with all nouns/pronouns. Feel free to put it on a cheat sheet to use when a declension table isn't nearby.
Singular nominative nouns/pronouns almost always end in -a, -o, or -ao
Accusative nouns/pronouns often end in -l or -r
Genitive/possessive nouns/pronouns usually end in -e or -s, and they don't change when plural
Locative nouns always end in -n
Plural nouns end in stems involving -i-
Plural pronouns end in stems involving -e-
Sola - Sun
thianda - person
sethra - animal
siensa - science
anina - soul
nenta - mind
nasiona - nation
trala - friend
fêna - girl/woman/female
naka - boy/man/male
Qua - I
Tê - You
Anda - He/she/it ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article
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