cws
Greetings Guest
home > library > journal > view_article
« Back to Articles ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article » Journal
Lesson #1
1▲ 1 ▼ 0
Pronunciation, Latin Alphabet, and Stress
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 16 Nov 2023, 09:16.

[comments]
[Public] ? ?
Lesson One
Alphabet & Pronunciation


Alphabet


The Sindielic alphabet is comprised of 22 letters (6 vowels and 16 consonants). It is divided into 5 sections in addition to having a set alphabetical order, each headed by a vowel and ending in consonants (with a vowel, in the case of ê in the e section). In order, these sections are A, I, E, O, U. Note that P, M, and B are only used in loanwords, and U is only used in loanwords and the diphtong AU. On this website, the Latin Alphabet system is used due to my limited resources, though it does have its own alphabet. The whole alphabet (with the letters' names) is as follows:
Aa - Ao
Kk - Ko
Ww - Wao
Qq - Quo
Ii - Yo
Yy - Yao
Tt - To
Ss - So
Ff - Fo
Ee - Eo
Êê - Eo Odare
Nn - No
Rr - Er
Ll - El
Th th - Eth
Oo - Wo
Hh - Ho
Dd - Ando
Uu - Wo Liase
Pp - Po
Mm - Mo
Bb - Ambo

Vowels may also have accute accents that serve to mark stress in some environments, such as in loanwords or in the suffix -ár-.

Á Í É Ế Ó Ú

There are also several letters only used to transscribe names from foreign sources. There are 7 in total, all consonants. They all make the same sound as some already existing letter or letters, though they may be pronounced like the sounds they represent if one is so inclined. They are (with their names):

Gg - Ko Kiese
Zz - So Kiese
Vv - Fo Kiese
Cc - To Hae
Jj - Ando Hae
Šš - So Hae
Žž - So Kiese Hae


Pronunciation


Letters are always pronounced as spelled with THREE exceptions (which are predictable). The letters and their pronunciation are:

A: /a/, like a in many European languages like Italian or Spanish; similar to a in father
K: /k/, like k in skin* (pronounced like ch in chip before i or e when not pronounced as in bet)
W: /w/, like w in will
Q: always in the digraph Qu; /kʷ/, very similar to qu in squid*

I: /i/, like ee in teeth
Y: /j/, like y in yes
T: /t/, like t in star*
S: /s/, like s in soul
F: /f/, like f in for

E: /e/, like e in strength; like in many European languages like Italian or Spanish (pronounced like e in bet before r or l)
Ê: /ɛ/, like e in bet
N: /n/, like n in nope
R: /ɾ/, tapped r; similar to the r in most European languages like Italian or Spanish
L: /l/, light l; similar to l in lick
Th: /θ/, like th in thin, never like in weather

O: /o/, like o in Spanish; similar to o in home
H: /h/, like h in hair
D: /d/, like d in done (like th in that between vowels and before r, l, y, w, n, or m)

U: /u/, like u in plume
P: /p/, like p in spain*
M: /m/, like m in merry
B: /b/, like b in bow

AI: /ai/, like i in right
AE: /ae/, like the letters A and E said quickly as one syllable; similar to i in right
AU: /au/, like ow in clown
AO: /au/, like ow in clown

G: /k/ (/g/), like k in skill or g in good
Z: /s/ (/z/), like s in sap or z in zap
V: /f/ (/v/), like f in fan or v in van

C: /tj/ (/tʃ/), like ch in chip*
J: /dj/ (dʒ/), like a 'dy' sound, or like j in jump
Š: /sj/ (/ʃ/), like an 'sy' sound, or like sh in short
Ž: /zj/ (/ʒ/), like an 'sy' sound, or like s in measure

*voiceless stops (like k, qu, t, p, etc.) in Sindielic aren't aspirated, meaning that there isn't a harsh puff of air after them like in English. To make sure you aren't aspirating your consonants, first hold your hand in front of your mouth and say "pen". Notice that puff of air? Now try to say that p sound without that puff. Congratulations! Now you can un-aspirate your consonants.


Stress


To put it in technical tems, in Sindielic, stress falls on the last syllable of the main root unless there is an accent (stress always falls on an accent where present, and the first accent is always adhered to where there are more than one accent). To find the primary stress in a word with no accent, simply isolate all root morphemes (other than -arin), locate the main one, and stress the last syllable therein.

For those who have less linguistic knowledge, here's how to find stress in simpler terms:

A.
1. Is there an accent or accents? If not, see B. If so, stress the first one.

B.
1. Find all the word parts
2. Get rid of suffixes and prefixes like -e, -eth, -o, -is, -eos, fi-, etc. that show part of speech or case/conjugation
3. Find the main word part, usually the last one
4. The stress is on the last syllable of that word part

Examples:

fofitenio
fo-fi-ten-io
-ten-
The stress is on the "e" in "ten"
fofitenio

awanáranakso
-ár-
The stress in on the "á" in "ár"
awanáranakso
✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article
Comments
privacy | FAQs | rules | statistics | graphs | donate | api (indev)
Viewing CWS in: English | Time now is 29-Mar-24 14:07 | Δt: 2439.8248ms