The Location Cases
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Description of 3/12 grammatical cases
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 28 Sep 2016, 15:47.
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5. Motion Cases
[top]Introduction
In lieu of adpositions (for the most part), Tyranoquese describes location and relationships between things using different cases. One subset of cases that achieve this goal includes the location cases, the adessive, inessive, and locative. Note: these do not describe motion towards or away from a location, but merely the state of being in that particular space.
[top]The Adessive Case
The Adessive case has a number of uses in Tyranoquese, but principally it conveys the notion of being located “on” something. Endings are added to the noun stem.
Other translations include “at [location]” and “at [temporal concept]”.
⁃ Pavao taram čelohe; I was at church
⁃ Dekazao ležim voačath uptut; I will look for you at noon tomorrow
Finally, Tyranoquese does not have a direct verb for the concept “to have.” The adessive case is used with subject pronouns and the verb ěseřab, “to exist,” to convey this meaning. Note, pronoun declension only uses the plural suffixes.
⁃ Aranaom ěseřpo peghěthe; I have a book. (literally: “A book exists at/on me”)
⁃ Dekupuei vuwaom amseř’i pegn tařepum zosifi; We’ve had many dangerous kings in the past.
[top]The Inessive Case
The inessive case is used with the general sense of “in” something and its suffixes are added to the end of the noun stem.
The inessive case can also be translated as “through.”
Telsunei žiňo juetelyl; I walked through the forest alone.
Seltethi ěseřěhe wihp aghutheljei azěolei sighove; I could see through the hole in the wall
The inessive case can also be used to express “during” or “for” in order to convey the amount of time spent doing something or when something took place.
Pegneim ghěrešeim vozařetso; I studied for many years
Ejeim vuwom čoča; We talked to each other for hours
Mišei pegnim rešěpim sigho upšuš; I saw a lot of stars last night (lit. “In the night yesterday…”)
[top]The Locative Case
The locative case in Tyranoquese is a catch-all case that accounts for locations not covered by either the adessive or inessive cases. This case is unique in that it requires postpositions after the declined noun to indicate the specific relationship between the noun(s) in question. These are some of the few adpositions that exist in Tyranoquese.
The postpositions that can be used with the locative case are as follows:
When used with verbs of motion this case can indicate motion too, thus being a kind of bridge between the location and motion cases. However, this only works with the postpositions listed above. There are other cases to account for other types of motion.
Pavě tuň žiňe; You all walked past the house
Pavě tuň veměpe; You all stood past the house
The only difference between the two concepts is that in the first sentence the group of people started out before the house and made intentional motion past it, while in the second they were already located past the house and stood in stasis in that location.
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