Hathor 1.1: view article

Ekre Hathor

the Tale of Hathor

Part 1.1

Lines 1-2

Telóni Óryu cárhyo ybátwa,
Háthor okríva, àrosyáco
Róngya ilyémpi, my Dwénde Múi
ge Óman Osáldu àgegátan

In the days of the Oryu (Tyrant) there lived a man called Hathor (the Wakeful) a Hunter, who dwelt in the Rongya, where the Dwende Mui (The forests of the North) join the Oman Osaldui (the Eastern mountains.)

Tel-ó-n-i	Óryu	cárh-yo	ybá-t-w-a,
in days of	(the) Tyrant	(a) male person	lived
NMNoun (POS).day-CNSConstruct state noun being possessed-PLPlural (number) more than one/few-DATDative (case) indirect object; recipient, beneficiary, location	NMNoun (POS).tyrant.PRProper marks a noun as referring to a unique entity[ABSSAbsolute state (state) unpossessed]	NMNoun (POS).person-MMasculine gender (gender) masculine or male	VBVerb.live-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-PSTPast (tense) action occurred before moment of speech-3SThird person singular (person) neither speaker nor addressee

Hátho-r	okrí-v-a,	à-rosyá-c-o
Hathor	name-his	hunter
NMNoun (POS).wakeful.PRProper marks a noun as referring to a unique entity-HONHonourific indicates respect for the addressee	NMNoun (POS).name-POSPossessor generic possessive article-3SThird person singular (person) neither speaker nor addressee	NMNoun (POS).pursuer.AModifier adjective, adverb, etc-STEMWord stem part of a bipartite stem-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect).CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(ast)-PCPParticiple adjectival form of a verb[SGSingular (number) one countable entity]

In the days of the Oryu (Tyrant), a man lived, Hathor (Wakeful) his name, a hunter

tel - day
yba - live
oryu - tyrant
carhyo - man
hatho - awake
okri - name
arosya - pursue
arosyaco - hunter

Róngya	i-lyé-m-p-i,	m-y	Dwénd-e	Múi
Rongya	in.that.place	where	Forests
NMNoun (POS).corner.PRProper marks a noun as referring to a unique entity	PREPPrepositional (case/POS) general prep phrs/POS marker.in-DEMDemonstrative e.g. this/ that.that.VISVisible (proximity) thing within sight.DISTDistal (proximity) far from speaker (and addressee)-CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(geo)-LOCLocative (case) 'in, on, at' etc-DATDative (case) indirect object; recipient, beneficiary, location	PNPronoun.where.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(geo)-RELRelative	NMNoun (POS).forest.PRProper marks a noun as referring to a unique entity-COLCollective (number) 'group or mass entity'	NMNoun (POS).PRProper marks a noun as referring to a unique entity

ge	Óma-n	Osáldu	à-ge-gá-t-a-n.
also	Mountains	East	meet.together
ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.also	NMNoun (POS).mountain.PRProper marks a noun as referring to a unique entity-[CNSConstruct state noun being possessed]-PLPlural (number) more than one/few	NMNoun (POS).east.PRProper marks a noun as referring to a unique entity	VBVerb.meet.AModifier adjective, adverb, etc-ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'-STEMWord stem part of a bipartite stem-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-[3Third person (person) neither speaker nor addressee]-PLPlural (number) more than one/few

In the Rongya where the Forests of Mui and the Eastern Mountains join together

rongya - corner
lye - there (far)
my - where
dwende - forest
ge - also, and, with
oma - mountain
osaldu - East
agega - meet. Note that adverbials - ge- which occur between the initial modifier and the primary stem are not regarded as infixes.

3-4

Kwéco, lye télne àrosyántho
yén, ge cárhnye ỳthuvánton
gécyn, núcon thàrhuwábhna
ýnde, ovwánton ùrwesántwan.

Now it happened that Hathor was away for three days hunting. And he was returning, he and the young men that were with him, well-laden with game.

Kwé-c-o,	lye	tél-n-e	àrosyá-nth-o
this.one	far	for.days	having.been.hunting
DEMDemonstrative e.g. this/ that.this.AUDAuditory evidential (evidential) information gained from hearing.PROXProximal (proximity) close to speaker-PNPronoun.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(ast)-INDFIndefinite a nonspecific referent.SGSingular (number) one countable entity	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.far.VISVisible (proximity) thing within sight.DISTDistal (proximity) far from speaker (and addressee)	NMNoun (POS).day-PLPlural (number) more than one/few-ABLAblative (case) away from	VBVerb.pursue-PFPGPerfect progressive (aspect/tense) has been -PCPParticiple adjectival form of a verb.SGSingular (number) one countable entity

yén,	ge	cárh-yo-n	ỳthuvá-nt-o-n
three	with	men	youthful
NUMNumeral	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.also	NMNoun (POS).person-MMasculine gender (gender) masculine or male-PLPlural (number) more than one/few	VBVerb.be young-PROGProgressive (aspect) be verb-ing-PCPParticiple adjectival form of a verb-PLPlural (number) more than one/few

This one, having been hunting afar for three days with young men

yen - three, variant of yon
ythuva - be young

gé-c-y-n,	nú-c-o-n	thàrhuwá-bh-n-a
with.whom	all.they	dead.animals
ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.together-PNPronoun.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(ast)-RELRelative-PLPlural (number) more than one/few	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.all-PNPronoun.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(ast)-INDFIndefinite a nonspecific referent-PLPlural (number) more than one/few	NMNoun (POS).PCPParticiple adjectival form of a verb.PASSPassive voice (valency) be verb-ed.killed-PFVPerfective (aspect) completed action.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(bio)-PLPlural (number) more than one/few-ACCAccusative (case) TRANS direct object; patient.DITRDitransitive (valency) has three arguments

ýnde,	ovwá-nt-o-n	ùrwe-sá-nt-w-an.
many/much	bearing	were.returning
ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.many	VBVerb.carry-PROGProgressive (aspect) be verb-ing-PCPParticiple adjectival form of a verb-PLPlural (number) more than one/few	VBVerb.return.ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'-STEMWord stem part of a bipartite stem-PROGProgressive (aspect) be verb-ing-PSTPast (tense) action occurred before moment of speech-3PThird person plural (person) neither speaker nor addressee, they/them)

who were all returning together, bearing much game

cy - who
con - they
nu - all
ynde - many
ovwa - carry
urwe - back
urwesa - return
tharhuwábhna - ‘dead animals; killed and carried game; bag.’ Tharhúwa is the passive causative form of tharhúa, be dead, meaning ‘killed’. The BH element is a perfective class aspect marker, B-biotic class, indicating that it refers to animals. This gives rise to the singular participial form tharhuwábho, the plural tharhuwábhon, and the more common collective mass form tharhuwábhe. The -NA ending is a contracted plural di-accusative, implying motion or transition, which is common with verbs having VA as their main root, such as óvwa, to carry, even apart from ditransitive constructions.

5-6

olýse ilwátu orwèsantályo
óldu apéla óre ylwáitwan
elkránto po ‘Úsr’ yrh thárhulys,’ kátwa.
‘Arosyátu kwétel ànhevyáthin.’

And they saw as it were a bird, high in the sky, circling against the sun. And one of them laughed and said, "Ill luck, carrion bird; for little hunting have we left for you this day."

olýs-e	ilwá-t-u	lye	òrwe-sá-nt-o
bird	to.see	afar	circling
NMNoun (POS).bird-ABLAblative (case) away from	VBVerb.see-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-INFInfinitive (TAM) non-tensed verb	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.far.VISVisible (proximity) thing within sight.DISTDistal (proximity) far from speaker (and addressee)	VBVerb.circle.ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'-STEMWord stem part of a bipartite stem-PROGProgressive (aspect) be verb-ing-PCPParticiple adjectival form of a verb.SGSingular (number) one countable entity

óldu	apé-la	óre	ylwá-i-t-w-an
sun	before.it	high	they.supposed
NMNoun (POS).sun	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.before-PNPronoun.it.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(phot).3SThird person singular (person) neither speaker nor addressee	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.high	VBVerb.know-SJVSubjunctive (TAM) hypothetical -SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-PSTPast (tense) action occurred before moment of speech-3PThird person plural (person) neither speaker nor addressee, they/them

And they supposed they saw a bird circling high in front of the sun

olys - bird
ilwa - see
oldu - sun
ape - before
ore - high
ylwa - know

elkrá-nt-o	co	Úsr’	yrh	thárhulys	ká-t-w-a.
laughing	one	luck	bad	death.bird	said
VBVerb.laugh-PRGUnknown code-PCPParticiple adjectival form of a verb.SGSingular (number) one countable entity	PNPronoun.one.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(ast).INDFIndefinite a nonspecific referent	NMNoun (POS).luck[CNSConstruct state noun being possessed]	NNeuter (gender) neutral or neuter.evil[ABSSAbsolute state (state) unpossessed]	NMNoun (POS).crow	VBVerb.say-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-PSTPast (tense) action occurred before moment of speech-[3SThird person singular (person) neither speaker nor addressee]

arosyá-t-u	kwé-tel	à-nhe-vyá-th-in
to.hunt	today	we.have.left.little
VBVerb.pursue-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-INFInfinitive (TAM) non-tensed verb	DEMDemonstrative e.g. this/ that.this.AUDAuditory evidential (evidential) information gained from hearing.PROXProximal (proximity) close to speaker-NMNoun (POS).day	VBVerb.leave.AModifier adjective, adverb, etc-ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.little-STEMWord stem part of a bipartite stem-PFVPerfective (aspect) completed action-1PFirst person plural (person) we (inclusive or exclusive)

And one, laughing, said, ‘Ill luck, carrion bird. We have left few animals this day to hunt.’

elkra - laugh
po - one
usru - luck
yrh - evil
tharhulys - crow
ka - say
kwetel - today
avya - leave
anhevya - leave little

7-8

Háthor ph’ ekátwa, ‘He úsru rù
he úsru ỳrhi hé ekwáehtre
he thárhulỳs h’ilwáulys lyépo,
ýlfwo Ósain rè ilwátin’

But Hathor said, "Speak not of luck, good or ill; for that is no hawk or carrion crow, but one of the Yl-Osain."

Háthor	ph’	eká-t-w-a,	‘He	úsru	rù
Hathor	but	said	not	luck	good
NMNoun (POS).wakeful.PRProper marks a noun as referring to a unique entity.HONHonourific indicates respect for the addressee	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.but	VBVerb.say-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-PSTPast (tense) action occurred before moment of speech-3SThird person singular (person) neither speaker nor addressee	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.not	NMNoun (POS).luck[CNSConstruct state noun being possessed]	NMNoun (POS).good[ABSSAbsolute state (state) unpossessed]

he	úsru	ỳrhi	hé	ekwá-e-h-t-r-e
nor	luck	bad	not	must.you.speak
ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.not	NMNoun (POS).luck[CNSConstruct state noun being possessed]	ADJAdjectival syntactic.bad	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.not	VBVerb.say-PURPurposive in order to, for the purpose of-NEGNegative (polarity) not-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-OBLGObligatory mood (mood) must ; not imperative-2SSecond person singular (person) addressee (you)

But Hathor said, ‘Neither of good luck nor bad luck (not) must you (not) speak’

he	thárhulỳs	h’	ilwáulys	lyé-po,
not	death.bird	nor	hawk	that.one
ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.not	NMNoun (POS).crow	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.not	NMNoun (POS).hawk	DEMDemonstrative e.g. this/ that.that.VISVisible (proximity) thing within sight.DISTDistal (proximity) far from speaker (and addressee)-PNPronoun.one.INDFIndefinite a nonspecific referent

ýlfwo	Ósai-n	rè	ilwá-t-in
ylfwo.of	Osain	indeed	we.see
NMNoun (POS).ylfwo[CNSConstruct state noun being possessed]	NMNoun (POS).osai.[ABSSAbsolute state (state) unpossessed]-PLPlural (number) more than one/few	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.surely	VBVerb.see-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-1PFirst person plural (person) we (inclusive or exclusive)

that one is neither a carrion bird nor a hawk - it is indeed an ylfwo of the Osain that we see.

eka - say
phe - but
he - not
ru - good
yrhi - bad
ekwa - speak
ilwaulys - hawk

9-10

gy ‘Lhélo ácin,’ ýpho ekátwa
‘rei ýlfwo Ósain rè ilwáitin.
He thàrhulýsni he Osáini
eníbhni áfwan ànivyáhthin’

And the other said, "What though it be one of the Osain that we see? We have left no more hunting for them than for carrion-birds."

gy	‘Lhé-l-o	á-cin,’	ýpho	eká-t-w-a,
and	what reason	to us	another	said
CONJConjunction links two arguments or clauses together.and	QInterrogative question.ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'-CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns.reason(pho)-INDEFIndefinite a nonspecific referent	PREPPrepositional (case/POS) general prep phrs/POS marker.to-PNPronoun.us.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns.(ast).1PFirst person plural (person) we (inclusive or exclusive)	PNPronoun.other.INDEFIndefinite a nonspecific referent	VBVerb.say-SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-PSTPast (tense) action occurred before moment of speech-3SThird person singular (person) neither speaker nor addressee

‘rei	ýlfwo	Ósain	rè	ilwá-i-t-in.
if	ylfwo	osain	indeed	we.see
ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.if	NMNoun (POS).ylfwo	NMNoun (POS).osai	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.surely	VBVerb.see-SJVSubjunctive (TAM) hypothetical -SIMPSimple aspect (aspect)-1PFirst person plural (person) we (inclusive or exclusive)

and what to us, another said, if indeed we see an ylfwo of the Osain

He	thàrhulýs-n-i	he	Osái-n-i
Not	to.death.birds	nor	to.Osain
ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.not	NMNoun (POS).crow-PLPlural (number) more than one/few-DATDative (case) indirect object; recipient, beneficiary, location	ADVAdverbial e.g. English '-ly'.not	NMNoun (POS).osai-PLPlural (number) more than one/few-DATDative (case) indirect object; recipient, beneficiary, location

ení-bh-n-i	á-fwan	à-ni-vyá-h-th-in.’
more.than.them	to.them	we.than.have.left
COMPComparative (comparison) e.g. 'better'-PNPronoun.LENMLenition mutation (phonology) mutation.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(bio)-PLPlural (number) more than one/few-DATDative (case) indirect object; recipient, beneficiary, location	PREPPrepositional (case/POS) general prep phrs/POS marker-PNPronoun.CLClassifier quantifies and/or replaces nouns(sap).3PThird person plural (person) neither speaker nor addressee, they/them	VBVerb.leave.AModifier adjective, adverb, etc-COMPComparative (comparison) e.g. 'better'-STEMWord stem part of a bipartite stem-NEGNegative (polarity) not-PFVPerfective (aspect) completed action-1PFirst person plural (person) we (inclusive or exclusive)

not to Osain more than to carrion birds we have left

ypho = yphpo?
rei - if indeed ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article

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