CSB sketch
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This private article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 8 Apr 2024, 18:02.
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2. CSB sketch
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infinitive is unmarked
Past pfv -u
NPST PFV -ä
----
BACKING??? > PAST
ä és u előtt
/i/ > /ɯ/ ï
/y/ > /u/ u
/e/ > /o/ o
/a/ > /ɑ/ ä
šlür + u/ä > šlur
dišl + u/ä > dïšl
sir + u/ä > sïr
| PAST | NPST | |
|---|---|---|
| Backing | ||
----
Past cont:
tšlür > šlür > -ür
Past Perf
tšlöb > šlib > -ib
Pre perf
tšleb > šleb > -eb
| No aux | tisi (tisi/want) | šuuz (šuuz/need) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unmarked | PREPresent.INDIndicative mood (mood) a common form of realis | verb | PREPresent.OPTOptative (mood) 'wish, hope' | wants to verb | PREPresent.NECNecessitative mood (mood) must, have to | need to verb |
| backing | PASTPast tense (tense) action occurred before moment of speech.INDIndicative mood (mood) a common form of realis | was verb-ed/-ing | PASTPast tense (tense) action occurred before moment of speech.OPTOptative (mood) 'wish, hope' | wanted to verb | PASTPast tense (tense) action occurred before moment of speech.NECNecessitative mood (mood) must, have to | needed to verb |
| -ür/ur | HABHabitual (aspect) done often or out of habit | verb-ing | CONDConditional (mood) would | would be verb-ing | IMPImperative (mood) command | verb! |
| -ib | PLUPPluperfect (tense) anterior action | had verb-ed | ||||
| -eb/ob | PERFPerfect (aspect/tense) have verb-ed | have verb-ed | FUTFuture (tense) action occurring after the moment of speech.PERFPerfect (aspect/tense) have verb-ed | will have verb-ed | ||
| -uuz/üüz | PREPresent.SBJVSubjunctive mood (mood) desired or possible events | may verb | FUTFuture (tense) action occurring after the moment of speech.INDIndicative mood (mood) a common form of realis | will verb | FUTFuture (tense) action occurring after the moment of speech.SBJVSubjunctive mood (mood) desired or possible events | |
Class I. (not changing [V, ])
tüd
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Class II. (losing last consonant [V + šl,r,x,y,l,])
ditšl
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Class III. (ends with nasal C)
desmen
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Class IV. (ends with nasal V)
gugzom
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Class V. (ends with Ck/Cg k/g>h)
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S-D class/ I.
EBQ > t-vel kezdődik > d V_V
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Y-/ class/ II.
EBQ > y eltűnik
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D-/ class/ II.
EBQ lV-el kezdődik, de nem lVV-vel! > d > //V_V. V előtte megnyúlik!
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šl-/ class/ II.
EBQ tšl-el kezdődik > šl > //V_V.
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Irregular
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/-x Class/ IV.
EBQ q-val/k+B-vel kezdődik > /- x V_V
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/-g class / V.
EBQ k-val kezdődik > /-g V_V
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f-b class/ VI.
EBQ p-vel kezdődik > f-b V_V
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r-/ class /II.
EBQ r-el kezdődik > r-/ V_V
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| ANAnimate (gender/class) alive, moving | INInanimate (gender/class) for non-living things | |
|---|---|---|
| ABSAbsolutive (case) TRANS object, INTR argument |
Unmarked | |
| ERGErgative (case) TRANS subject; agent |
+em/õ | |
| DATDative (case) indirect object; recipient, beneficiary, location |
+dž+rounding | +ii+fronting |
| GENGenitive (case) possessive |
Fronting | +üm/ũ+rounding |
| LOCLocative (case) 'in, on, at' etc |
+üb/ub+rounding | |
| LATLative (case) movement, towards |
+ii+fronting | |
| ABLAblative (case) away from |
+žii+Fronting | |
| INSTCInstrumental-comitative (case) 'with' (instrument and/or company) |
+t | +üž/už+rounding |
| VOCVocative (case) 'O [addressee]' |
+ed/od | |
INS > INSTC (IN) / COM > INSTC (ANIM)
INE//
SUPE > GEN (IN)
CLASS I:
EBQ nem változik (V, N, zöngés, CC, šl, )
CLASS II:
EBQ /g/or/k/ to /h/ C_ kivéve _C
CgV > ChV / CgC > CgC
CLASS III:
CBQ /r/, /l/, /j/, /x/ eltűnik V_V, kivéve C_
CLASS IV:
CBQ C_N közé
CLASS V:
CBQ NV-re végződő kõ > konõ
CLASS VI: Irregular
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| Case | Number/Person | 1First person (person) speaker, signer, etc; I | 2Second person (person) addressee (you) CASLCasual (respect/formality) normal, neutral, informal / FORFormal (respect/formality) for formal situations / POLPolite (respect/formality) formal, polite | 3HThird person human (person) humans (or possibly sentients) | 3NHThird person non-human (person) nonhuman (or possibly nonsentient)/3IThird person inanimate (person) it, not he/she/they |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABSAbsolutive (case) TRANS object, INTR argument | SGSingular (number) one countable entity |
sar | md/dinhi/diviy | edž | sig |
| PLPlural (number) more than one/few |
iždar | ižd | ižedž | iždig | |
| ERGErgative (case) TRANS subject; agent | SGSingular (number) one countable entity |
saem | medm/dihnem/diviyem | edžm | siõ |
| PLPlural (number) more than one/few |
iždaem | ižmedm | ižedžm | iždixõ | |
| DATDative (case) indirect object; recipient, beneficiary, location | SGSingular (number) one countable entity |
siidž | mdž/dünhüdž/düvüüdž | iddž | sidž |
| PLPlural (number) more than one/few |
iždiidž | ižmidž | ižiddž | iždidž | |
| GENGenitive (case) possessive | SGSingular (number) one countable entity |
ser | mit/dinhi/divii | idž | sii |
| PLPlural (number) more than one/few |
ižder | ižmit | ižidž | iždii | |
| ABLAblative (case) away from | SGSingular (number) one countable entity |
siizii | mizii/dihzii/diviizii | idžzii | sizii |
| PLPlural (number) more than one/few |
iždeezii | ižmizii | ižidžzii | iždizii | |
| LATLative (case) movement, towards | SGSingular (number) one countable entity |
sii | midii/dihnii/diviyi | idzii | sii |
| PLPlural (number) more than one/few |
iždii | ižmidii | ižidzii | iždii | |
| INSTCInstrumental-comitative (case) 'with' (instrument and/or company) | SGSingular (number) one countable entity |
saat | met/dinhit/diviit | edžd | st |
| PLPlural (number) more than one/few |
iždaat | ižmet | ižedžd | iždit |
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