Kashtyrian scripts
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Both real world and Sahar
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 5 Aug 2019, 11:48.
[comments] ksyscriptabugidaalphabetcyrilliclatinforian
1. Kashtyrian Abugida
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2. Kashtyrian grammar
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3. Kashtyrian scripts
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
>> For information how the Kashtyrian abugida works, look up this detailed article <<
This script was used by far the longest time of Kashtyrian history. In its earliest stage it was an abjad with 13 consonant letters. To combat misunderstanding vowel signs were inserted between the consonants. At this time, about 1100 AD, Kashtyrian only had three distinct vowels (for detailed information read this article) and only these were written.
From about 1200 AD we know the oldest inscriptions were the vowel markers had merged into the consonants. This process made the script occupying less space. For many centuries the script did not change, although the sounds – especially the vowels – did.
In the 18th century the area was conquered by the Russian empire. The abugida remained as the official script and got standardized. To distinguish the vowels in one class the markers for short and special vowels were introduced.
The Russian civil war turned the area into chaos and after a local communist government came to power it soon introduced a newly created cyrillic script.
For some time the traditional abugida remained as the Kashtyrian script together with cyrillic, but in 1936 Stalin decided to abolish it.
From 1936 to 1991, over half a century, Kashtyrian was only written with this modified cyrillic alphabet. It was necessary to add some characters which do not occur in Russian, but with them Kashtyrian could be written phonetically. Also, the letter й was only used for the sound [j]. The other iotized vowels (я, ё, ю) were not used.
After the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, Kashtyria became independent and it was decided that the script should be replaced with a latin alphabet.
It took two years to create that latin script. In the end there are no big differences between it and the Cyrillic version. It is possible to transliterate them one by one letter.
The advantages of the latin alphabet are that it is (nearly) completely phonetic and that it only uses the basic latin letters and one diacritic: the grave accent (ˋ). Very hot debated questions while the creation process were which latin letter should be used for ш and with which scheme the vowels should be transliterated. After both š and ŝ for ш was rejected it was decided to use c instead. Some linguists who had proposed s with caron or circumflex had supported their use on o or u for [ɔ̤] too. But the majority endorsed the use of only one diacritic and o got its grave accent.
Finally, the transliteration table for both latin and cyrillic and their correspondent IPA sign. The abugida is not included here because it works way more complex and has its own article explaining it.
| Cyrillic: | п | т | к | ҳ | х | ш | м | н | р | с | й | л | ф | ч | и | і | ы | э* | а | ә | о | у | ў |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latin: | p | t | k | h | x | c | m | n | r | s | j | l | f | tc | i | ì | u | e | à | a | o | ù | ò |
| Latin, proposal: | p | t | k | h | x | š or ŝ | m | n | r | s | j | l | f | č or ĉ | i | ì | y | e | a | ae or æ | o | u | ǒ or ô |
| IPA: | p | t | k | h; ħ | x | ʃ | m | n | ʁ; ɹ | s | j | l | f | tʃ | i | ɪ | ɨ | e | ä | æ̤ | o | ʊ | ɔ̤ |
| *was often written as 'е' | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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