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Cazenian Phonology & Orthography
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This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 17 Jul 2018, 03:06.

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[Public] ? ?
8. Pronouns ? ?
Menu 1. Introduction 2. Vowels 3. Umlaut 4. Consonants 5. Voice / Unvoiced 6. Loanwords 7. Punctuation
[edit] [top]Introduction

The phonological system of Cazenian is simple with characteristic features found in many languages. The writing system is a knot-inspired alphabet called (jac)jac "string" which can be written horizontally from left to right, top to bottom, or vertically from top to bottom, right to left.
[edit] [top]Vowels

The Cazenian vowel system consists of five basic monophthongs, with short/long and front/back versions.
Monophthongs
Monophthong phonemes of Cazenian
front unroundedfront roundedCentralBack
Close (i)i /ɪ/ /i:/(ü)ü /ʏ/ /y:/ (u)u /ʊ/ /uː/
Mid (e)e /e:/(ö)ö /œ/ /øː/(e)e /ə/(o)o /ɔ/ /o:/
Open (ä)ä /æ/ /æ:/ (a)a /ɐ/ /ɑ:/


Diphthongs
There are only three diphthongs: (ay)ay /aɪ̯/ (oy)oy /ɔʏ̯/ (ey)ey /ɛɪ̯

[edit] [top]Umlaut

There are three umlauts: (ä)ä, (ö)ö, (ü)ü Some declension of words undergo vowel changes from a,o,u to ä,ö,ü.
They are formed by adding two dots above and below the letter.

[edit] [top]Consonants

alphabetLatinNameIPA
(j)jjot/j/
(l)lle/l/ or /ɫ/ 1
(l')l'ts'us le/ʎ/
(b)bbo/b/
(n)nen/n/ or /ŋ/ 2
(n')n'ts'us en/ɲ/
(p)ppay/p/
(m)mmi/m/
(g)gga/g/ or /ʝ/ 3
(g')g'ts'us ga/ʝ/
(d)dde/d/
(d')d'ts'us de/ɟ/
(c)cche/k/ or /ç/ 4
(c')c'ts'us che/ç/
(z)zze/z/
(z')z'ts'us ze/ʑ/
(ž)žlez ze/ʐ/
(s)ssa/s/
(s')s'ts'us sa/ɕ/
(š)šlez sa/ʂ/
(v)vve/v/
(r)rra/r/ or /ɾ/ 5
(f)ffa/f/
(t)tta/t/
(t')t'ts'us ta/c/
(ts)tstsay/t͡s/
(ts')ts'ts'us tsay/t͡ɕ/
(h)hhanasilent or /ʔ/ 6

  1. realised as /l/ when forming clusters with other consonents or being a semi-vowel. realised as /ɫ/ when standing alone.
  2. realised as /ŋ/ when preceding /k/ or /g/
  3. realised as /ʝ/ when preceding stressed i or e.
  4. realised as /ç/ when preceding stressed i or e.
  5. realised as /ɾ/ when forming clusters with other consonents or being after an unstressed vowel.
  6. usually silent, realised as /ʔ/ when it is at the beginning of a word. It can follows c or g so that they always pronounced as /k/ and /g/ even when they are preceding a front vowel.


[edit] [top]Voice / Unvoiced

Obstruents are subject to voicing and devoicing in certain positions. The obstruents are either all voiced or all voiceless. To determine whether a given cluster has voiced or voiceless obstruents, examine whether the last obstruent in the cluster appears to be voiced or voiceless.
  • (ptac)ptac ['ptɑ:k] bird
  • (ptacvil)ptacvil [gæ'se:dvə] like a bird
  • (eyge)eyge ['ɛɪ̯gə] eyes
  • (aygcöže)aygcöže [aɪ̯'kœʐə] eyelids

At the end of a word, obstruents are pronounced voiceless.
  • (což)což [koʂ] skin


[edit] [top]Loanwords

Cazenian has very few loanwords as it tend to form new words by combining words that already exist. All loanwords are spelled in Cazenian Alphabet.

[edit] [top]Punctuation

Cazenian runic has two punctuation mark: pause (), and finish mark ().
apart from functioning like a comma in english, pause also separate quotations.
finish mark functions like full-stop (period) in English, to indicate the end of a sentence.
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