Deinau noun phrase
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This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 11 Jun 2019, 04:45.
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3. Deinau noun phrase
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4. Deinau nouns
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5. Deinau numerals
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6. Deinau ortography
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7. Deinau phonology
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9. Deinau verb
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10. Deinau writing
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11. Derivation
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14. Kinship terms
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16. Noun predicates
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17. Relative clauses
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18. Verbs of movement
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
A noun phrase can be formed by a pronoun, or a pronoun and its modifiers. They can appear with a numeral, quantifier or a relative phrase, and can have deictic clitics:
Kusùk
ku`s-k
2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few
you PL
Skusùk
s=ku`s-k
PROXProximal (proximity)
close to speaker=2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few
you here (pl)
Bakusùk
ba=ku`s-k
DISTDistal (proximity)
far from speaker (and addressee)=2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few
you there (pl)
kusùk ·nè
ku`s-k
2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few four
you four
sik ṇlá
ku`s-k
PROXProximal (proximity)
close to speaker=2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few ·mìik
you all
Lósag ·bàŋlo kusùk
lós-ag
sit-NMZNominaliser
makes other word a noun ku`s-k
2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few
you guys sitting there
Lòs kusùk
lòs
sit.RELRelative ku`s-k
PROXProximal (proximity)
close to speaker=2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few
you guys sitting
Lòs bakusùk
lòs
sit.RELRelative ba=ku`s-k
DISTDistal (proximity)
far from speaker (and addressee)=2SSecond person singular (person)
addressee (you).ABSAbsolutive (case)
TRANS object, INTR argument-PLPlural (number)
more than one/few
you guys there, sitting
Demostratives appear after the nouns. They are mostly similar to the classifiers, with a few exceptions. They are not accented, but not participate in the main noun's harmony processes.
Demostratives usually appear with a deictic suffix which shows two degrees of distance: s- for proximal and ba- for distal. This is a proclitic which attaches to the last word of the noun phrase.
Mukorre ka: this/that letter
Mukorre ska: this letter
Mukorre baka: that letter
Numbers can be used as modifiers or as the noun phrase main word. They appear after the noun, and are formed as verb participles, since numeral are mainly stative verbs. They require a classifier, which may be inflected for posessor. Quantifiers behave in a similar way to numerals. They can appear with demostratives, deictic clitics and relative phrases.
Mukorre ka ·ne: the four letters.
Mukorre kal ·ne: my four letters.
Mukorre ka ·sne: the four letters there.
Mukorre ka ·ne ska: Those four letters
Mukorre kal ·ne ska: Those four letters of mine
Mlukorre kas ·ne ska oŋ ·đùpoŧkap slaás. Sign on those four letters of yours.
·Mlugluumup mo mlukorre kas ·ne ska oŋ ·đùpoŧkap slaás. Sign on those four letters of yours in the folder.
·Mlugluumup mo ·maplìig slaá mlukorre kas ·ne ska oŋ ·đùpoŧkap slàam ókis. Don't sign on those four uglyly written letters of yours in the folder!
If the posessor is a noun phrase it comes before the posessed noun, and receives ergative case. There is also a classifier that shows person of the posessor and class of the posessed, and comes after the posessed noun. It is also used with noun phrases, it doesn't get person inflection then.
Mukorre kal: my letter
Mukorre ·kaz: His/her letter
Ámosgi mukorre ka: Mukorre's letter
Relative phrases appear before the main noun. Since there is not an adjective word class, this is covered by relative phrases of intransitive verbs. It can come with their own noun phrase arguments, which are marked the same as a main clause except for the absolutive, which is replaced with the ergative if the verb is unergative.
Nominalized verbs can only inflect for case with stress shifting, but they don't receive any other noun morphology. They can appear with some arguments, which come before and behave in a similar way to the one from relative phrases, except that ergative fully replaces the absolutive case. They can appear with deictic clitics, quantifiers, demostratives and be posessed. Note that the agent, since it's marked as ergative, behaves as a posessor except for the classifier. Actual use of the classifier is restricted to some dialects and is dissapearing.
Slaàŋ ·maplìta.
The writing is ugly
ámosgi slaàŋ ·maplìta.
Mosgi's writing is ugly
slaàŋ kal ·maplìta
My writing is ugly.
Mùkorrep slaàŋ ·maplìta.
The writing of the letter is ugly
ÁMosgi mùkorrep slaàŋ ·maplìta.
Mosgi's writing of the letter is ugly
Mùkorrep slaàŋ kal ·maplìta.
My writing of the letter is ugly
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